Emergence of Resistance to Macrolides and Rifampin in Clinical Isolates of Rhodococcus equi from Foals in Central Kentucky, 1995 to 2017

The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of strains resistant to macrolides and rifampin over time in clinical samples from foals submitted to diagnostic laboratories in central Kentucky. We performed a retrospective observational study of all clinical samples from foals that were...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 2019-01, Vol.63 (1)
Main Authors: Huber, Laura, Giguère, Steeve, Slovis, Nathan M, Carter, Craig N, Barr, Bonnie S, Cohen, Noah D, Elam, Justine, Erol, Erdal, Locke, Stephan J, Phillips, Erica D, Smith, Jacqueline L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Actinomycetales Infections
Actinomycetales Infections - drug therapy
Actinomycetales Infections - epidemiology
Actinomycetales Infections - microbiology
Actinomycetales Infections - veterinary
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
Azithromycin - pharmacology
Clarithromycin - pharmacology
Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial - drug effects
Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial - genetics
Epidemiology and Surveillance
Equidae
Erythromycin
Erythromycin - pharmacology
Feces - microbiology
Horses
Kentucky - epidemiology
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Musculoskeletal Diseases
Musculoskeletal Diseases - drug therapy
Musculoskeletal Diseases - epidemiology
Musculoskeletal Diseases - microbiology
Musculoskeletal Diseases - veterinary
Prevalence
Respiratory System - drug effects
Respiratory System - microbiology
Rhodococcus equi
Rhodococcus equi - drug effects
Rhodococcus equi - genetics
Rhodococcus equi - growth & development
Rhodococcus equi - isolation & purification
Rifampin
Rifampin - pharmacology
Soft Tissue Infections
Soft Tissue Infections - drug therapy
Soft Tissue Infections - epidemiology
Soft Tissue Infections - microbiology
Soft Tissue Infections - veterinary
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Summary:The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of strains resistant to macrolides and rifampin over time in clinical samples from foals submitted to diagnostic laboratories in central Kentucky. We performed a retrospective observational study of all clinical samples from foals that were submitted to veterinary diagnostic laboratories in Kentucky between January 1995 and December 2017. Samples were included if the bacterium was cultured and tested for susceptibility to erythromycin or rifampin. susceptibility testing to erythromycin was available for 2,169 isolates of , while susceptibility testing to both erythromycin and rifampin was available for 1,681 isolates. Rifampin resistance was first detected in 2000, and erythromycin resistance was first detected in 2004. Between 1995 and 2006, the proportion of resistant isolates of was 0.7% for erythromycin and 2.3% for rifampin. There was a significant ( < 0.001) increase in the proportion of resistant between 2007 and 2017, with 13.6% of isolates being resistant to erythromycin and 16.1% being resistant to rifampin. Between 2007 and 2017, isolates of resistant to erythromycin or rifampin were significantly less likely to be isolated from feces than from the respiratory tract, other soft tissues, or musculoskeletal infections. The considerable increase in the prevalence of isolates of resistant to macrolides and rifampin since 2007 is of concern for both human and animal health.
ISSN:0066-4804
1098-6596
DOI:10.1128/AAC.01714-18