Oral Polymorphonuclear Neutrophil Contributes to Oral Health

Purpose of Review Oral health is maintained in a dynamic equilibrium between the host immunity and the oral microbiome. Oral polymorphonuclear neutrophils (oPMNs) are important innate immune cells in the oral cavity. Recent Findings The oPMNs play a co-controlling part in the maintenance of oral equ...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current oral health reports 2018, Vol.5 (4), p.211-220
Main Authors: Rijkschroeff, Patrick, Loos, Bruno G., Nicu, Elena A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bone marrow
Connective tissue
Epidemiology (M Laine
Epidemiology (M Laine, Section Editor)
Equilibrium
Immune system
Inflammation
Leukocytes
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Microorganisms
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
Pathogens
Physiology
Recruitment
Section Editor
Teeth
Topical Collection on Epidemiology
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Summary:Purpose of Review Oral health is maintained in a dynamic equilibrium between the host immunity and the oral microbiome. Oral polymorphonuclear neutrophils (oPMNs) are important innate immune cells in the oral cavity. Recent Findings The oPMNs play a co-controlling part in the maintenance of oral equilibrium. In human saliva, the oPMNs integrity is preserved, and their function remains unaffected. In general, oPMNs are in a higher state of baseline activation compared to peripheral PMNs. However, in periodontitis, the oPMNs’ activation state can result in excessive release of damaging molecules in the extracellular environment. Summary The presence of oPMNs may unwittingly negatively impact the integrity of the oral tissues. While most of the oPMN functions occur intracellularly, release of their potent active mediators into the extracellular environment may jeopardize oral homeostasis and its integrity. The dual nature of oPMNs, both beneficial and detrimental, remains a challenging and understudied topic.
ISSN:2196-3002
2196-3002
DOI:10.1007/s40496-018-0199-6