Three-dimensional treatment outcomes in Class II patients with different vertical facial patterns treated with the Herbst appliance

The aims of this study were to evaluate, using 3-dimensional superimposition techniques, the skeletal changes in Class II subjects with different vertical facial patterns treated with the Herbst appliance and to compare these skeletal changes to those of Class II controls treated with elastics. Sixt...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics 2018-08, Vol.154 (2), p.238-248.e1
Main Authors: Atresh, Arjun, Cevidanes, Lucia H.S., Yatabe, Marilia, Muniz, Luciana, Nguyen, Tung, Larson, Brent, Manton, David J., Schneider, Paul M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Child
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography
Face - anatomy & histology
Female
Humans
Imaging, Three-Dimensional
Male
Malocclusion, Angle Class II - diagnostic imaging
Malocclusion, Angle Class II - therapy
Orthodontic Appliances, Functional
Retrospective Studies
Treatment Outcome
Vertical Dimension
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Summary:The aims of this study were to evaluate, using 3-dimensional superimposition techniques, the skeletal changes in Class II subjects with different vertical facial patterns treated with the Herbst appliance and to compare these skeletal changes to those of Class II controls treated with elastics. Sixteen Herbst patients who met the inclusion criteria were divided into 2 equal groups based on vertical facial pattern as determined by the Frankfort mandibular plane angle (brachyfacial, ≤22°; mesofacial, 23°-29°) and had cone-beam computed tomographs taken before treatment, 8 weeks after Herbst appliance removal, and after subsequent fixed appliance treatment. Eleven Class II control patients treated with fixed appliances and elastics had cone-beam computed tomographs taken before and after treatment. Three-dimensional models were generated from the cone-beam computed tomography images, registered on the anterior cranial bases, and analyzed using color maps and point-to-point measurements. There were minimal differences in treatment response between the 2 Herbst groups across all skeletal parameters measured. The Herbst subjects showed a greater inferior displacement of anterior nasal spine compared with the Class II controls (Herbst brachyfacial, −1.44 mm; Herbst mesofacial, −1.95 mm) with other maxillary changes being clinically insignificant. The Herbst subjects showed greater inferior displacement of B-point compared with the Class II controls (Herbst brachyfacial, −2.59 mm; Herbst mesofacial, −2.75 mm). There were no statistically significant differences in mean linear mandibular measurements. All groups showed a trend toward posterior displacement of the condyles and glenoid fossae from the start to the end of treatment, with no significant differences across the 3 groups. There were minimal differences in the changes in gonial angle and Frankfort mandibular plane angle across all groups. Approximately 2 years after Herbst treatment, the Herbst subjects with different vertical facial patterns showed similar patterns of skeletal change compared with the Class II controls treated with elastics. •Three-dimensional data allow accurate evaluation of skeletal changes with the Herbst appliance.•Differences in vertical facial pattern are proposed to modify treatment response.•Minimal differences in maxillary change were found in the Herbst groups vs the control.•Minimal differences in fossa remodeling were found in the Herbst groups vs the control.•Minimal differe
ISSN:0889-5406
1097-6752
DOI:10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.11.037