Salt-responsive gut commensal modulates TH17 axis and disease

A Western lifestyle with high salt consumption can lead to hypertension and cardiovascular disease. High salt may additionally drive autoimmunity by inducing T helper 17 (T[sub.H]17) cells, which can also contribute to hypertension. Induction of T[sub.H]17 cells depends on gut microbiota; however, t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature (London) 2017-11, Vol.551 (7682), p.585-589
Main Authors: Wilck, Nicola, Matus, Mariana G, Kearney, Sean M, Olesen, Scott W, Forslund, Kristoffer, Bartolomaeus, Hendrik, Haase, Stefanie, Mhler, Anja, Balogh, Andrs, Mark, Lajos, Vvedenskaya, Olga, Kleiner, Friedrich H, Tsvetkov, Dmitry, Klug, Lars, Costea, Paul I, Sunagawa, Shinichi, Maier, Lisa, Rakova, Natalia, Schatz, Valentin, Neubert, Patrick, Frtzer, Christian, Krannich, Alexander, Gollasch, Maik, Grohme, Diana A, Crte-Real, Beatriz F, Gerlach, Roman G, Basic, Marijana, Typas, Athanasios, Wu, Chuan, Titze, Jens M, Jantsch, Jonathan, Boschmann, Michael, Dechend, Ralf, Kleinewietfeld, Markus, Kempa, Stefan, Bork, Peer, Linker, Ralf A, Alm, Eric J, Mller, Dominik N
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Autoimmune diseases
Autoimmunity
Blood pressure
Cardiovascular diseases
Diet
Digestive system
Digestive tract
Disease
Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis
Health aspects
Helper cells
Hypertension
Immune system
Intestinal microflora
Intestine
Lactobacillus
Lymphocytes T
Metabolites
Mice
Microbiota
Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
Physiological aspects
Ribosomal DNA
Salt (Food)
Salts
Survival analysis
T cells
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Summary:A Western lifestyle with high salt consumption can lead to hypertension and cardiovascular disease. High salt may additionally drive autoimmunity by inducing T helper 17 (T[sub.H]17) cells, which can also contribute to hypertension. Induction of T[sub.H]17 cells depends on gut microbiota; however, the effect of salt on the gut microbiome is unknown. Here we show that high salt intake affects the gut microbiome in mice, particularly by depleting Lactobacillus murinus. Consequently, treatment of mice with L. murinus prevented salt-induced aggravation of actively induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and salt-sensitive hypertension by modulating T[sub.H]17 cells. In line with these findings, a moderate high-salt challenge in a pilot study in humans reduced intestinal survival of Lactobacillus spp., increased T[sub.H]17 cells and increased blood pressure. Our results connect high salt intake to the gutimmune axis and highlight the gut microbiome as a potential therapeutic target to counteract salt-sensitive conditions.
ISSN:0028-0836
1476-4687
DOI:10.1038/nature24628