Airway exposure initiates peanut allergy by involving the IL-1 pathway and T follicular helper cells in mice

Little is currently known regarding the immunologic mechanism(s) that initiate peanut allergy. Notably, peanut proteins have been detected in house dust, and their levels correlate with peanut allergy prevalence. This study aimed to develop a new mouse model for peanut allergy and to investigate the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of allergy and clinical immunology 2018-10, Vol.142 (4), p.1144-1158.e8
Main Authors: Dolence, Joseph J., Kobayashi, Takao, Iijima, Koji, Krempski, James, Drake, Li Y., Dent, Alexander L., Kita, Hirohito
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Administration, Inhalation
Allergens
Allergens - immunology
Allergies
allergy
Anaphylaxis
Animals
Arachis - immunology
Chlorophyll
Cytokines
Cytokines - immunology
Disease Models, Animal
Exposure
Female
Flour
Follicular T cells
Food allergies
Helper cells
House dust
IgE
IL-1
IL-33
IL-4
Immunoglobulin E
Immunoglobulin E - immunology
Immunoglobulins
Immunology
Inhalation
Interleukin 1
Interleukin 21
Interleukin 4
Laboratories
Lung - immunology
Lungs
Lymph nodes
Lymphocytes T
Mice
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Mice, Transgenic
peanut
Peanut Hypersensitivity - immunology
Peanuts
Proteins
Respiration
Respiratory tract
Serum levels
Signal Transduction
T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer - immunology
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Summary:Little is currently known regarding the immunologic mechanism(s) that initiate peanut allergy. Notably, peanut proteins have been detected in house dust, and their levels correlate with peanut allergy prevalence. This study aimed to develop a new mouse model for peanut allergy and to investigate the immunologic mechanisms involved in peanut allergen sensitization. To mimic environmental exposure, naive mice were exposed to peanut flour by inhalation for up to 4 weeks. We then analyzed serum levels of IgE antibody and challenged mice with peanut proteins. Immunological mechanisms involved in sensitization were analyzed using cytokine reporter mice, an adoptive cell transfer model, and gene knockout mice. When exposed to peanut flour by inhalation, both BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice developed peanut allergy, as demonstrated by the presence of peanut-specific IgE antibodies and manifestation of acute anaphylaxis on challenge. A large number of follicular helper T (Tfh) cells were also detected in draining lymph nodes of allergic mice. These cells produced IL-4 and IL-21, and they more robustly promoted peanut-specific IgE production than Th2 cells did. Genetic depletion of Tfh cells decreased IgE antibody levels and protected mice from anaphylaxis, without affecting Th2 cells. Furthermore, peanut flour exposure increased lung levels of IL-1α and IL-1β, and mice deficient in the receptor for these cytokines showed a significant decrease in Tfh cells compared with in wild-type mice. Tfh cells play a key role in peanut allergy, and the IL-1 pathway is involved in the Tfh response to peanut allergen exposure. [Display omitted]
ISSN:0091-6749
1097-6825
DOI:10.1016/j.jaci.2017.11.020