Recent research on the mechanism of heterosis is important for crop and vegetable breeding systems

Heterosis or hybrid vigor is a phenomenon where hybrid progeny have superior performance compared to their parental inbred lines. This is important in the use of F1 hybrid cultivars in many crops and vegetables. However, the molecular mechanism of heterosis is not clearly understood. Gene interactio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Breeding Science 2018, Vol.68(2), pp.145-158
Main Authors: Fujimoto, Ryo, Uezono, Kosuke, Ishikura, Sonoko, Osabe, Kenji, Peacock, W. James, Dennis, Elizabeth S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Corn
Crop yield
Crops
Cultivars
Epigenetics
Epistasis
Gene expression
Genetic analysis
Genomes
Genotype & phenotype
Heterosis
Hybrid systems
Hybrid vigor
Hybrids
Inbreeding
Invited Review
Molecular chains
non-additive gene expression
Parents
Plant breeding
Progeny
Quantitative trait loci
Vegetables
Vigor
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Summary:Heterosis or hybrid vigor is a phenomenon where hybrid progeny have superior performance compared to their parental inbred lines. This is important in the use of F1 hybrid cultivars in many crops and vegetables. However, the molecular mechanism of heterosis is not clearly understood. Gene interactions between the two genomes such as dominance, overdominance, and epistasis have been suggested to explain the increased biomass and yield. Genetic analyses of F1 hybrids in maize, rice, and canola have defined a large number of quantitative trait loci, which may contribute to heterosis. Recent molecular analyses of transcriptomes together with reference to the epigenome of the parents and hybrids have begun to uncover new facts about the generation of heterosis. These include the identification of gene expression changes in hybrids, which may be important for heterosis, the role of epigenetic processes in heterosis, and the development of stable high yielding lines.
ISSN:1344-7610
1347-3735
DOI:10.1270/jsbbs.17155