Epidemiological, Serological, and Virological Features of Dengue in Nha Trang City, Vietnam

Vietnam is endemic for dengue. We conducted a series of retrospective and prospective studies to characterize the epidemiology of dengue and population mobility patterns in Nha Trang city, Vietnam, with a view to rational design of trials of community-level interventions. A 10-year time series of de...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene 2018-01, Vol.98 (2), p.402-409
Main Authors: Quyen, Duong Le, Thanh Le, Nguyen, Van Anh, Cao Thi, Nguyen, Nguyen Binh, Hoang, Dong Van, Montgomery, Jacqui L, Kutcher, Simon C, Hoang Le, Nguyen, Hien, Nguyen Tran, Hue Kien, Duong Thi, Rabaa, Maia, O'Neill, Scott L, Simmons, Cameron P, Anh, Dang Duc, Anders, Katherine L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Arboviruses - drug effects
Arboviruses - pathogenicity
Child
Child, Preschool
Cluster Analysis
Cross-Sectional Studies
Dengue - epidemiology
Dengue - virology
Dengue Virus - pathogenicity
Epidemiology
Female
Humans
Incidence
Infant
Male
Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods
Population Surveillance - methods
Serology - methods
Serology - statistics & numerical data
Statistics, Nonparametric
Surveys and Questionnaires
Vietnam - epidemiology
Young adults
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Summary:Vietnam is endemic for dengue. We conducted a series of retrospective and prospective studies to characterize the epidemiology of dengue and population mobility patterns in Nha Trang city, Vietnam, with a view to rational design of trials of community-level interventions. A 10-year time series of dengue case notifications showed pronounced interannual variability, as well as spatial heterogeneity in ward-level dengue incidence (median annual coefficient of variation = 0.47). Of 451 children aged 1-10 years enrolled in a cross-sectional serosurvey, almost one-third had evidence of a past dengue virus (DENV) infection, with older children more likely to have a multitypic response indicative of past exposure to ≥ 1 serotype. All four DENV serotypes were detected in hospitalized patients during 8 months of sampling in 2015. Mobility data collected from 1,000 children and young adults via prospective travel diaries showed that, although all ages spent approximately half of their daytime hours (5:00 am-9:00 pm) at home, younger age groups (≤ 14 years) spent a significantly greater proportion of their time within 500 m of home than older respondents. Together these findings inform the rational design of future trials of dengue preventive interventions in this setting by identifying 1) children < 7 years as an optimal target group for a flavivirus-naive serological cohort, 2) children and young adults as the predominant patient population for a study with a clinical end point of symptomatic dengue, and 3) substantial spatial and temporal variations in DENV transmission, with a consequent requirement for a trial to be large enough and of long enough duration to overcome this heterogeneity.
ISSN:0002-9637
1476-1645
DOI:10.4269/ajtmh.17-0630