Immune cell landscape in therapy-naïve squamous cell and adenocarcinomas of the lung

Squamous cell and adenocarcinomas of the lung develop different mechanisms during carcinogenesis to evade attacks of the immune system. Besides the well-known check-point control programmed death 1 and its ligand, many more mechanisms, acting either tumoricidal or in favor of tumor progression, exis...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology 2018-04, Vol.472 (4), p.589-598
Main Authors: Brcic, Luka, Stanzer, Stefanie, Krenbek, Dagmar, Gruber-Moesenbacher, Ulrike, Absenger, Gudrun, Quehenberger, Franz, Valipour, Arschang, Lindenmann, Joerg, Stoeger, Herbert, Al Effah, Mohamed, Fediuk, Melanie, Balic, Marija, Popper, Helmut H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alveoli
Apoptosis
Bronchus
Carcinogenesis
Carcinogens
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Correlation analysis
Dendritic cells
Immune system
Immunoregulation
Lung cancer
Lung diseases
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Macrophages
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Obstructive lung disease
Original
Original Article
Pathology
PD-1 protein
Phenotypes
Squamous cell carcinoma
Survival
T cell receptors
Tissue analysis
Tissues
Tumor cells
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Summary:Squamous cell and adenocarcinomas of the lung develop different mechanisms during carcinogenesis to evade attacks of the immune system. Besides the well-known check-point control programmed death 1 and its ligand, many more mechanisms, acting either tumoricidal or in favor of tumor progression, exist. Analysis of the immune cell profiles in resected tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage samples and correlation between them and with overall survival data was performed. In all tumor samples in this study, cells of the immune system expressed a tumor-cooperating phenotype. High numbers of regulatory T cells, or alternatively expression of Vista on lymphocytes was present. Tumoricidal dendritic cells were absent in tumor tissue, and barely present in bronchoalveolar lavage, whereas tumor-friendly monocytoid and plasmocytoid dendritic cells were seen in both. Alveolar macrophages were predominantly differentiated into tumor-cooperating M2 types, whereas tumoricidal M1 macrophages were absent or rare. The expression of PDL1 on tumor cells did not correlate with any other immune cells. Expression of PD1 on lymphocytes was frequently encountered. None of analyzed immune cells showed correlation with overall survival. Immune cells in bronchoalveolar lavage and tissue did not correlate. For the first time, a tissue-based analysis of different immune cells in squamous cell and adenocarcinomas of the lung is provided, trying to explain their potential role in tumor development and progression. Discordant numbers of cells with bronchoalveolar lavage are most probably due to the fact that bronchoalveolar lavage reflects the situation in the whole lung, where chronic obstructive lung disease and other conditions are present.
ISSN:0945-6317
1432-2307
DOI:10.1007/s00428-018-2326-0