Age, Race, and Gender Factors in Incident Disability

Abstract Background Incident disability rates enable the comparison of risk across populations. Understanding these by age, sex, and race is important for planning for the care of older adults and targeting prevention. Methods We calculated incident disability rates among older adults in the Cardiov...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2018-01, Vol.73 (2), p.194-197
Main Authors: Jacob, Mini E, Marron, Megan M, Boudreau, Robert M, Odden, Michelle C, Arnold, Alice M, Newman, Anne B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activities of daily living
Age
Disability
Gender
Health disparities
Mobility
Older people
Race
The Journal of Gerontology: Medical Sciences
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Summary:Abstract Background Incident disability rates enable the comparison of risk across populations. Understanding these by age, sex, and race is important for planning for the care of older adults and targeting prevention. Methods We calculated incident disability rates among older adults in the Cardiovascular Health Study, a study of 5,888 older adults aged ≥ 65 years over 6 years of follow-up. Disability was defined in the following two ways: (i) self-report of disability (severe difficulty or inability) in any of six Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and (ii) mobility difficulty (any difficulty walking half a mile or climbing 10 steps). Incident disability rates were calculated as events per 100 person years for age, gender, and race groups. Results The incidence of ADL disability, and mobility difficulty were 2.7 (2.5–2.8), and 9.8 (9.4–10.3) events per 100 person years. Women, older participants, and blacks had higher rates in both domains. Conclusion Incidence rates are considerably different based on the domain examined as well as age, race, and gender composition of the population. Prevention efforts should focus on high risk populations and attempt to ameliorate factors that increase risk in these groups.
ISSN:1079-5006
1758-535X
DOI:10.1093/gerona/glx194