The taxonomic composition of the donor intestinal microbiota is a major factor influencing the efficacy of faecal microbiota transplantation in therapy refractory ulcerative colitis

Summary Background Faecal microbiota transplantation is an experimental approach for the treatment of patients with ulcerative colitis. Although there is growing evidence that faecal microbiota transplantation is effective in this disease, factors affecting its response are unknown. Aims To establis...

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Published in:Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 2018-01, Vol.47 (1), p.67-77
Main Authors: Kump, P., Wurm, P., Gröchenig, H. P., Wenzl, H., Petritsch, W., Halwachs, B., Wagner, M., Stadlbauer, V., Eherer, A., Hoffmann, K. M., Deutschmann, A., Reicht, G., Reiter, L., Slawitsch, P., Gorkiewicz, G., Högenauer, C.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage
Antibiotics
Bacteria
Colitis, Ulcerative - therapy
Colon
Donors
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation - methods
Feces - microbiology
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Humans
Inflammatory bowel disease
Intestinal microflora
Intestine
Male
Microbiota
Middle Aged
Original
Prospective Studies
Relative abundance
Remission
Remission Induction
Ruminococcus
Taxonomy
Transplantation
Treatment Outcome
Ulcerative colitis
Ulcerative Colitis and Faecal Transplant Donor Microbiota
Young Adult
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Summary:Summary Background Faecal microbiota transplantation is an experimental approach for the treatment of patients with ulcerative colitis. Although there is growing evidence that faecal microbiota transplantation is effective in this disease, factors affecting its response are unknown. Aims To establish a faecal microbiota transplantation treatment protocol in ulcerative colitis patients, and to investigate which patient or donor factors are responsible for the treatment success. Methods This is an open controlled trial of repeated faecal microbiota transplantation after antibiotic pre‐treatment (FMT‐group, n = 17) vs antibiotic pre‐treatment only (AB‐group, n = 10) in 27 therapy refractory ulcerative colitis patients over 90 days. Faecal samples of donors and patients were analysed by 16SrRNA gene‐based microbiota analysis. Results In the FMT‐group, 10/17 (59%) of patients showed a response and 4/17 (24%) a remission to faecal microbiota transplantation. Response to faecal microbiota transplantation was mainly influenced by the taxonomic composition of the donor's microbiota. Stool of donors with a high bacterial richness (observed species remission 946 ± 93 vs no response 797 ± 181 at 15367 rps) and a high relative abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila (3.3 ± 3.1% vs 0.1 ± 0.2%), unclassified Ruminococcaceae (13.8 ± 5.0% vs 7.5 ± 3.7%), and Ruminococcus spp. (4.9 ± 3.5% vs 1.0 ± 0.7%) were more likely to induce remission. In contrast antibiotic treatment alone (AB‐group) was poorly tolerated, probably because of a sustained decrease of intestinal microbial richness. Conclusions The taxonomic composition of the donor's intestinal microbiota is a major factor influencing the efficacy of faecal microbiota transplantation in ulcerative colitis patients. The design of specific microbial preparation might lead to new treatments for ulcerative colitis.
ISSN:0269-2813
1365-2036
DOI:10.1111/apt.14387