Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Improves Outcome in Experimental Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pneumonia: Potential Role of Regulatory T Cells

ABSTRACTIntroductionRecent clinical trials show Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) administration in critical illness has the potential to reduce nosocomial infections and improve clinical outcome. However, the mechanism(s) of LGG-mediated benefit following illness and injury remain elusive. Objective...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Shock (Augusta, Ga.) Ga.), 2013-12, Vol.40 (6), p.496-503
Main Authors: Khailova, Ludmila, Baird, Christine H, Rush, Aubri A, McNamee, Eoin N, Wischmeyer, Paul E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Bacterial Load
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid - microbiology
Cytokines - biosynthesis
Cytokines - genetics
Disease Models, Animal
Forkhead Transcription Factors - biosynthesis
Gene Expression Regulation
Lactobacillus rhamnosus
Mice
Mice, Inbred Strains
Neutrophil Infiltration - immunology
Pneumonia, Bacterial - complications
Pneumonia, Bacterial - immunology
Pneumonia, Bacterial - microbiology
Pneumonia, Bacterial - therapy
Probiotics - therapeutic use
Pseudomonas aeruginosa - isolation & purification
Pseudomonas Infections - complications
Pseudomonas Infections - immunology
Pseudomonas Infections - microbiology
Pseudomonas Infections - therapy
RNA, Messenger - genetics
Survival Analysis
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome - etiology
Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome - prevention & control
T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - immunology
Treatment Outcome
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Summary:ABSTRACTIntroductionRecent clinical trials show Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) administration in critical illness has the potential to reduce nosocomial infections and improve clinical outcome. However, the mechanism(s) of LGG-mediated benefit following illness and injury remain elusive. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of LGG treatment on survival and lung injury in a mouse model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa–induced pneumonia. As increased T regulatory (Treg) cell numbers have been shown to improve outcome in experimental pneumonia, we examined the potential role of Treg cells in probiotic-mediated benefit. MethodsFVB/N mice were subjected to intratracheal injection of either P. aeruginosa or saline and received LGG or vehicle immediately before procedure. T regulatory cell responses in the lung were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and flow cytometry. ResultsMice treated with LGG had significantly improved 7-day survival (P < 0.01) compared with saline-treated control pneumonia mice (55% LGG vs. 14% control). The survival advantage was associated with reduced bacterial counts in bronchoalveolar lavage and with decreased markers of the systemic inflammatory response and improved lung pathology in the probiotic group. Probiotic treatment influenced immune response in the lungs of mice with pneumonia as demonstrated by increased levels of Treg cell marker Foxp3. ConclusionsThese data demonstrate that early administration of LGG improves outcome following P. aeruginosa–induced pneumonia. An effect of LGG on Treg cells may play a role in this protection.
ISSN:1073-2322
1540-0514
DOI:10.1097/SHK.0000000000000066