In vivo reprogramming of immune cells: Technologies for induction of antigen-specific tolerance

Technologies that induce antigen-specific immune tolerance by mimicking naturally occurring mechanisms have the potential to revolutionize the treatment of many immune-mediated pathologies such as autoimmunity, allograft rejection, and allergy. The immune system intrinsically has central and periphe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advanced drug delivery reviews 2017-05, Vol.114, p.240-255
Main Authors: Pearson, Ryan M., Casey, Liam M., Hughes, Kevin R., Miller, Stephen D., Shea, Lonnie D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Allergy
Animals
Antigen-Presenting Cells - immunology
Antigens - immunology
Autoimmune disease
Drug delivery
Graft Survival - immunology
Humans
Immune tolerance
Immune Tolerance - immunology
Immunosuppression - methods
Nanoparticle
Regulatory T cells
Transplantation
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Summary:Technologies that induce antigen-specific immune tolerance by mimicking naturally occurring mechanisms have the potential to revolutionize the treatment of many immune-mediated pathologies such as autoimmunity, allograft rejection, and allergy. The immune system intrinsically has central and peripheral tolerance pathways for eliminating or modulating antigen-specific responses, which are being exploited through emerging technologies. Antigen-specific tolerogenic responses have been achieved through the functional reprogramming of antigen-presenting cells or lymphocytes. Alternatively, immune privileged sites have been mimicked using biomaterial scaffolds to locally suppress immune responses and promote long-term allograft survival. This review describes natural mechanisms of peripheral tolerance induction and the various technologies being developed to achieve antigen-specific immune tolerance in vivo. As currently approved therapies are non-specific and carry significant associated risks, these therapies offer significant progress towards replacing systemic immune suppression with antigen-specific therapies to curb aberrant immune responses. [Display omitted]
ISSN:0169-409X
1872-8294
DOI:10.1016/j.addr.2017.04.005