Malignancy Detection on Mammography Using Dual Deep Convolutional Neural Networks and Genetically Discovered False Color Input Enhancement

Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy in the US and the third highest cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Regular mammography screening has been attributed with doubling the rate of early cancer detection over the past three decades, yet estimates of mammographic accuracy in the ha...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of digital imaging 2017-08, Vol.30 (4), p.499-505
Main Authors: Teare, Philip, Fishman, Michael, Benzaquen, Oshra, Toledano, Eyal, Elnekave, Eldad
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Artificial neural networks
Breast cancer
Breast Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging
Breast Neoplasms - genetics
Cancer
Classification
Color
Datasets as Topic
Deep learning
Equalization
Female
Gating
Humans
Image analysis
Image classification
Image Enhancement
Image processing
Imaging
Learning algorithms
Machine learning
Malignancy
Mammography
Mammography - classification
Mammography - methods
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Neural networks
Neural Networks (Computer)
Radiology
Sensitivity
Sensitivity and Specificity
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Summary:Breast cancer is the most prevalent malignancy in the US and the third highest cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Regular mammography screening has been attributed with doubling the rate of early cancer detection over the past three decades, yet estimates of mammographic accuracy in the hands of experienced radiologists remain suboptimal with sensitivity ranging from 62 to 87% and specificity from 75 to 91%. Advances in machine learning (ML) in recent years have demonstrated capabilities of image analysis which often surpass those of human observers. Here we present two novel techniques to address inherent challenges in the application of ML to the domain of mammography. We describe the use of genetic search of image enhancement methods, leading us to the use of a novel form of false color enhancement through contrast limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE), as a method to optimize mammographic feature representation. We also utilize dual deep convolutional neural networks at different scales, for classification of full mammogram images and derivative patches combined with a random forest gating network as a novel architectural solution capable of discerning malignancy with a specificity of 0.91 and a specificity of 0.80. To our knowledge, this represents the first automatic stand-alone mammography malignancy detection algorithm with sensitivity and specificity performance similar to that of expert radiologists.
ISSN:0897-1889
1618-727X
DOI:10.1007/s10278-017-9993-2