Glycan–protein interactions in viral pathogenesis

•Complex glycans play multifaceted roles in interplay between virus and its host.•Host glycans serve co-receptors or specific primary receptors for viral entry.•Viral glycan – host lectin or antibody interaction favors either virus or host.•This review covers role of glycan–protein interactions in v...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current opinion in structural biology 2016-10, Vol.40, p.153-162
Main Authors: Raman, Rahul, Tharakaraman, Kannan, Sasisekharan, V, Sasisekharan, Ram
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Humans
Polysaccharides - metabolism
Protein Binding
Viral Proteins - metabolism
Viral Tropism
Virus Internalization
Viruses - metabolism
Viruses - pathogenicity
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Summary:•Complex glycans play multifaceted roles in interplay between virus and its host.•Host glycans serve co-receptors or specific primary receptors for viral entry.•Viral glycan – host lectin or antibody interaction favors either virus or host.•This review covers role of glycan–protein interactions in viral pathogenesis. The surfaces of host cells and viruses are decorated by complex glycans, which play multifaceted roles in the dynamic interplay between the virus and the host including viral entry into host cell, modulation of proteolytic cleavage of viral proteins, recognition and neutralization of virus by host immune system. These roles are mediated by specific multivalent interactions of glycans with their cognate proteins (generally termed as glycan-binding proteins or GBPs or lectins). The advances in tools and technologies to chemically synthesize and structurally characterize glycans and glycan–GBP interactions have offered several insights into the role of glycan–GBP interactions in viral pathogenesis and have presented opportunities to target these interactions for novel antiviral therapeutic or vaccine strategies. This review covers aspects of role of host cell surface glycan receptors and viral surface glycans in viral pathogenesis and offers perspectives on how to employ various analytical tools to target glycan–GBP interactions.
ISSN:0959-440X
1879-033X
DOI:10.1016/j.sbi.2016.10.003