ACSL1 Is Associated With Fetal Programming of Insulin Sensitivity and Cellular Lipid Content

Individuals who are born small for gestational age (SGA) have a risk to develop various metabolic diseases during their life course. The biological memory of the prenatal state of growth restricted individuals may be reflected in epigenetic alterations in stem cell populations. Mesenchymal stem cell...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.) Md.), 2015-06, Vol.29 (6), p.909-920
Main Authors: Joseph, Roy, Poschmann, Jeremie, Sukarieh, Rami, Too, Peh Gek, Julien, Sofi G, Xu, Feng, Teh, Ai Ling, Holbrook, Joanna D, Ng, Kai Lyn, Chong, Yap Seng, Gluckman, Peter D, Prabhakar, Shyam, Stünkel, Walter
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetylation
Adipocytes - cytology
Adipocytes - metabolism
Adipogenesis - genetics
Animals
Cell Differentiation - genetics
Cells, Cultured
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
Coenzyme A Ligases - metabolism
Cytokines - metabolism
Epigenesis, Genetic
Fetal Development
Gene Knockdown Techniques
Genetic Association Studies
Glucose - metabolism
Histones - metabolism
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Small for Gestational Age
Insulin - metabolism
Life Sciences
Lipid Metabolism
Lysine - metabolism
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - cytology
Mice, Obese
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
Original Research
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Summary:Individuals who are born small for gestational age (SGA) have a risk to develop various metabolic diseases during their life course. The biological memory of the prenatal state of growth restricted individuals may be reflected in epigenetic alterations in stem cell populations. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the Wharton's jelly of umbilical cord tissue are multipotent, and we generated primary umbilical cord MSC isolates from SGA and normal neonates, which were subsequently differentiated into adipocytes. We established chromatin state maps for histone marks H3K27 acetylation and H3K27 trimethylation and tested whether enrichment of these marks was associated with gene expression changes. After validating gene expression levels for 10 significant chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing candidate genes, we selected acyl-coenzyme A synthetase 1 (ACSL1) for further investigations due to its key roles in lipid metabolism. The ACSL1 gene was found to be highly associated with histone acetylation in adipocytes differentiated from MSCs with SGA background. In SGA-derived adipocytes, the ACSL1 expression level was also found to be associated with increased lipid loading as well as higher insulin sensitivity. ACSL1 depletion led to changes in expression of candidate genes such as proinflammatory chemokines and down-regulated both, the amount of cellular lipids and glucose uptake. Increased ACSL1, as well as modulated downstream candidate gene expression, may reflect the obese state, as detected in mice fed a high-fat diet. In summary, we believe that ACSL1 is a programmable mediator of insulin sensitivity and cellular lipid content and adipocytes differentiated from Wharton's jelly MSCs recapitulate important physiological characteristics of SGA individuals.
ISSN:0888-8809
1944-9917
DOI:10.1210/me.2015-1020