The epithelial cell response to health and disease associated oral biofilm models

Background and Objective Different bacteria differentially stimulate epithelial cells. Biofilm composition and viability are likely to influence the epithelial response. In vitro model systems are commonly used to investigate periodontitis‐associated bacteria and their interactions with the host; th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of periodontal research 2017-06, Vol.52 (3), p.325-333
Main Authors: Ramage, G., Lappin, D. F., Millhouse, E., Malcolm, J., Jose, A., Yang, J., Bradshaw, D. J., Pratten, J. R., Culshaw, S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans - metabolism
biofilm
Biofilms
Biofilms - growth & development
Cell culture
Cell interactions
Cell Survival
Cells, Cultured
Chemokines
Coculture Techniques
Colonies
Colony-stimulating factor
Cytokines
Cytokines - metabolism
Dentistry
epithelial
Epithelial cells
Epithelial Cells - microbiology
Epithelial Cells - physiology
Fusobacterium nucleatum - metabolism
Gene Expression
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
Granulocytes
Humans
In Vitro Techniques
inflammation
Interleukin 1
Interleukin 6
Interleukin 8
Ligands
Macrophages
Methanol
Mouth - cytology
Mouth - microbiology
Original
Periodontitis
Porphyromonas gingivalis - metabolism
Species
Streptococcus mitis - metabolism
Tumor necrosis factor
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Tumors
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Summary:Background and Objective Different bacteria differentially stimulate epithelial cells. Biofilm composition and viability are likely to influence the epithelial response. In vitro model systems are commonly used to investigate periodontitis‐associated bacteria and their interactions with the host; therefore, understanding factors that influence biofilm–cell interactions is essential. The present study aimed to develop in vitro monospecies and multispecies biofilms and investigate the epithelial response to these biofilms. Material and Methods Bacterial biofilms were cultured in vitro and then either live or methanol‐fixed biofilms were co‐cultured with epithelial cells. Changes in epithelial cell viability, gene expression and cytokine content of culture supernatants were evaluated. Results Bacterial viability was better preserved within mixed‐species biofilm culture than within single‐species biofilm culture. Both mixed‐ and single‐species biofilms stimulated increased expression of mRNA for interleukin 8 (IL8), C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 3 (CXCL3), C‐X‐C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1), interleukin 1 (IL1), interleukin 6 (IL6), colony‐stimulating factor 2 (CSF2) and tumour necrosis factor (TNF), and the response was greatest in response to mixed‐species biofilms. Following co‐culture, cytokines detected in the supernatants included IL‐8, IL‐6, granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor and granulocyte–macrophage colony‐stimulating factor, with the greatest release of cytokines found following co‐culture with methanol‐fixed, mixed‐species biofilms. Conclusions These data show that epithelial cells generate a distinct cytokine gene‐ and protein‐expression signature in response to live or fixed, single‐ or multispecies biofilms.
ISSN:0022-3484
1600-0765
DOI:10.1111/jre.12395