Genetic and Genomic Response to Selection for Food Consumption in Drosophila melanogaster

Food consumption is an essential component of animal fitness; however, excessive food intake in humans increases risk for many diseases. The roles of neuroendocrine feedback loops, food sensing modalities, and physiological state in regulating food intake are well understood, but not the genetic bas...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Behavior genetics 2017-03, Vol.47 (2), p.227-243
Main Authors:	Garlapow, Megan E., Everett, Logan J., Zhou, Shanshan, Gearhart, Alexander W., Fay, Kairsten A., Huang, Wen, Morozova, Tatiana V., Arya, Gunjan H., Turlapati, Lavanya, St. Armour, Genevieve, Hussain, Yasmeen N., McAdams, Sarah E., Fochler, Sophia, Mackay, Trudy F. C.
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Animal behavior Animals Behavioral biology Behavioral Science and Psychology Body mass Candidates Clinical Psychology Composition Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA sequencing Drosophila melanogaster Drosophila melanogaster - genetics Drosophila melanogaster - physiology Drosophila Proteins Feedback Feeding Behavior - physiology Feeding Behavior - psychology Female Fitness Food Food consumption Food intake Food selection Gene expression Gene Frequency Genes Genes, Insect Genetic diversity Genetic engineering Genetic factors Genetic Variation Genomes Genomics Health Psychology Insects Insulin Kinases Male Metabolism Mutation Original Research Phenotype Physiology Psychology Public Health Ribonucleic acid RNA RNA Interference RNA-mediated interference Selection, Genetic Suppression Variants
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Summary:	Food consumption is an essential component of animal fitness; however, excessive food intake in humans increases risk for many diseases. The roles of neuroendocrine feedback loops, food sensing modalities, and physiological state in regulating food intake are well understood, but not the genetic basis underlying variation in food consumption. Here, we applied ten generations of artificial selection for high and low food consumption in replicate populations of Drosophila melanogaster . The phenotypic response to selection was highly asymmetric, with significant responses only for increased food consumption and minimal correlated responses in body mass and composition. We assessed the molecular correlates of selection responses by DNA and RNA sequencing of the selection lines. The high and low selection lines had variants with significantly divergent allele frequencies within or near 2081 genes and 3526 differentially expressed genes in one or both sexes. A total of 519 genes were both genetically divergent and differentially expressed between the divergent selection lines. We performed functional analyses of the effects of RNAi suppression of gene expression and induced mutations for 27 of these candidate genes that have human orthologs and the strongest statistical support, and confirmed that 25 (93 %) affected the mean and/or variance of food consumption.
ISSN:	0001-8244 1573-3297