The individual and combined effects of obesity- and ageing-induced systemic inflammation on human skeletal muscle properties

The purpose of this study was to determine whether circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, elevated with increased fat mass and ageing, were associated with muscle properties in young and older people with variable adiposity. Seventy-five young (18-49 yrs) and 67 older (50-80 yrs) healthy, untrained...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International Journal of Obesity 2017-01, Vol.41 (1), p.102-111
Main Authors: Erskine, R M, Tomlinson, D J, Morse, C I, Winwood, K, Hampson, P, Lord, J M, Onambélé, G L
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Absorptiometry, Photon
Adiposity - physiology
Adolescent
Adult
Age Distribution
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Aging
Aging - metabolism
Aging - physiology
Biomechanical Phenomena
Body fat
Body mass index
Cytokines
Cytokines - metabolism
Female
Health aspects
Health care
Humans
Hypothalamus
Inflammation
Inflammation - etiology
Inflammation - metabolism
Inflammation - physiopathology
Isometric Contraction
Male
Middle Aged
Muscle strength
Muscle Strength - physiology
Muscle Strength Dynamometer
Muscle, Skeletal - pathology
Muscle, Skeletal - physiopathology
Musculoskeletal system
Obesity
Obesity - complications
Obesity - metabolism
Obesity - physiopathology
Older people
Original
Physiological aspects
Physiology
Quality of life
Reproducibility of Results
Risk factors
Skeletal muscle
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Young Adult
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Summary:The purpose of this study was to determine whether circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, elevated with increased fat mass and ageing, were associated with muscle properties in young and older people with variable adiposity. Seventy-five young (18-49 yrs) and 67 older (50-80 yrs) healthy, untrained men and women (BMI: 17-49 kg/m ) performed isometric and isokinetic plantar flexor maximum voluntary contractions (MVCs). Volume (V ), fascicle pennation angle (FPA), and physiological cross-sectional area (PCSA) of the gastrocnemius medialis (GM) muscle were measured using ultrasonography. Voluntary muscle activation (VA) was assessed using electrical stimulation. GM specific force was calculated as GM fascicle force/PCSA. Percentage body fat (BF%), body fat mass (BFM), and lean mass (BLM) were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum concentration of 12 cytokines was measured using multiplex luminometry. Despite greater V , FPA, and PCSA (P
ISSN:0307-0565
1476-5497
DOI:10.1038/ijo.2016.151