Crystal Structure of the Marburg Virus VP35 Oligomerization Domain

Marburg virus (MARV) is a highly pathogenic filovirus that is classified in a genus distinct from that of Ebola virus (EBOV) (genera Marburgvirus and Ebolavirus, respectively). Both viruses produce a multifunctional protein termed VP35, which acts as a polymerase cofactor, a viral protein chaperone,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of virology 2017-01, Vol.91 (2)
Main Authors: Bruhn, Jessica F, Kirchdoerfer, Robert N, Urata, Sarah M, Li, Sheng, Tickle, Ian J, Bricogne, Gérard, Saphire, Erica Ollmann
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino Acid Sequence
Crystallography, X-Ray
Ebolavirus
Filovirus
Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
Marburgvirus
Marburgvirus - metabolism
Models, Molecular
Protein Binding
Protein Conformation
Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
Protein Multimerization
Protein Stability
Structure and Assembly
Thermodynamics
Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins - chemistry
Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins - metabolism
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Summary:Marburg virus (MARV) is a highly pathogenic filovirus that is classified in a genus distinct from that of Ebola virus (EBOV) (genera Marburgvirus and Ebolavirus, respectively). Both viruses produce a multifunctional protein termed VP35, which acts as a polymerase cofactor, a viral protein chaperone, and an antagonist of the innate immune response. VP35 contains a central oligomerization domain with a predicted coiled-coil motif. This domain has been shown to be essential for RNA polymerase function. Here we present crystal structures of the MARV VP35 oligomerization domain. These structures and accompanying biophysical characterization suggest that MARV VP35 is a trimer. In contrast, EBOV VP35 is likely a tetramer in solution. Differences in the oligomeric state of this protein may explain mechanistic differences in replication and immune evasion observed for MARV and EBOV. Marburg virus can cause severe disease, with up to 90% human lethality. Its genome is concise, only producing seven proteins. One of the proteins, VP35, is essential for replication of the viral genome and for evasion of host immune responses. VP35 oligomerizes (self-assembles) in order to function, yet the structure by which it assembles has not been visualized. Here we present two crystal structures of this oligomerization domain. In both structures, three copies of VP35 twist about each other to form a coiled coil. This trimeric assembly is in contrast to tetrameric predictions for VP35 of Ebola virus and to known structures of homologous proteins in the measles, mumps, and Nipah viruses. Distinct oligomeric states of the Marburg and Ebola virus VP35 proteins may explain differences between them in polymerase function and immune evasion. These findings may provide a more accurate understanding of the mechanisms governing VP35's functions and inform the design of therapeutics.
ISSN:0022-538X
1098-5514
DOI:10.1128/jvi.01085-16