Early-branching gut fungi possess a large, comprehensive array of biomass-degrading enzymes

The fungal kingdom is the source of almost all industrial enzymes in use for lignocellulose bioprocessing. We developed a systems-level approach that integrates transcriptomic sequencing, proteomics, phenotype, and biochemical studies of relatively unexplored basal fungi. Anaerobic gut fungi isolate...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2016-03, Vol.351 (6278), p.1192-1195
Main Authors:	Solomon, Kevin V., Haitjema, Charles H., Henske, John K., Gilmore, Sean P., Borges-Rivera, Diego, Lipzen, Anna, Brewer, Heather M., Purvine, Samuel O., Wright, Aaron T., Theodorou, Michael K., Grigoriev, Igor V., Regev, Aviv, Thompson, Dawn A., O'Malley, Michelle A.
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Animals Aspergillus - enzymology Aspergillus - genetics Aspergillus - isolation & purification Biodegradation Biomass Biotechnology - methods Cellulases - genetics Cellulases - isolation & purification Cellulases - metabolism Cellulose - metabolism Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory Enzymes Fungi Gastrointestinal Tract - microbiology Herbivory RNA, Untranslated - genetics Substrate Specificity Trichoderma - enzymology Trichoderma - genetics Trichoderma - isolation & purification Xylans - metabolism
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Summary:	The fungal kingdom is the source of almost all industrial enzymes in use for lignocellulose bioprocessing. We developed a systems-level approach that integrates transcriptomic sequencing, proteomics, phenotype, and biochemical studies of relatively unexplored basal fungi. Anaerobic gut fungi isolated from herbivores produce a large array of biomass-degrading enzymes that synergistically degrade crude, untreated plant biomass and are competitive with optimized commercial preparations from Aspergillus and Trichoderma. Compared to these model platforms, gut fungal enzymes are unbiased in substrate preference due to a wealth of xylan-degrading enzymes. These enzymes are universally catabolite-repressed and are further regulated by a rich landscape of noncoding regulatory RNAs. Additionally, we identified several promising sequence-divergent enzyme candidates for lignocellulosic bioprocessing.
ISSN:	0036-8075 1095-9203