Mitochondria and oxidative stress in heart aging

As average lifespan of humans increases in western countries, cardiac diseases become the first cause of death. Aging is among the most important risk factors that increase susceptibility for developing cardiovascular diseases. The heart has very aerobic metabolism, and is highly dependent on mitoch...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:AGE 2016-08, Vol.38 (4), p.225-238
Main Authors: Martín-Fernández, Beatriz, Gredilla, Ricardo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine Triphosphate - metabolism
Age
Aging
Aging - metabolism
Animals
Apoptosis
Bioenergetics
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Cardiomyocytes
Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular Diseases - metabolism
Cell Biology
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA, Mitochondrial - metabolism
Energy
Energy Metabolism
Gene expression
Geriatrics/Gerontology
Heart
Homeostasis
Humans
Inflammation
Inflammation - metabolism
Ischemia
Kinases
Life Sciences
Metabolism
Mice
Mitochondria
Mitochondria, Heart - metabolism
Mitochondrial DNA
Molecular Medicine
Mutation
Myocytes, Cardiac - metabolism
Myocytes, Cardiac - ultrastructure
Older people
Oxidative stress
Oxidative Stress - physiology
Phosphorylation
Physiology
Rats
Review
Review Article
Studies
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Summary:As average lifespan of humans increases in western countries, cardiac diseases become the first cause of death. Aging is among the most important risk factors that increase susceptibility for developing cardiovascular diseases. The heart has very aerobic metabolism, and is highly dependent on mitochondrial function, since mitochondria generate more than 90 % of the intracellular ATP consumed by cardiomyocytes. In the last few decades, several investigations have supported the relevance of mitochondria and oxidative stress both in heart aging and in the development of cardiac diseases such as heart failure, cardiac hypertrophy, and diabetic cardiomyopathy. In the current review, we compile different studies corroborating this role. Increased mitochondria DNA instability, impaired bioenergetic efficiency, enhanced apoptosis, and inflammation processes are some of the events related to mitochondria that occur in aging heart, leading to reduced cellular survival and cardiac dysfunction. Knowing the mitochondrial mechanisms involved in the aging process will provide a better understanding of them and allow finding approaches to more efficiently improve this process.
ISSN:0161-9152
2509-2715
1574-4647
2509-2723
DOI:10.1007/s11357-016-9933-y