Neuromagnetic Oscillations Predict Evoked-Response Latency Delays and Core Language Deficits in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Previous studies have observed evoked response latency as well as gamma band superior temporal gyrus (STG) auditory abnormalities in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). A limitation of these studies is that associations between these two abnormalities, as well as the full extent of osc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of autism and developmental disorders 2015-02, Vol.45 (2), p.395-405
Main Authors: Edgar, J. Christopher, Khan, Sarah Y., Blaskey, Lisa, Chow, Vivian Y., Rey, Michael, Gaetz, William, Cannon, Katelyn M., Monroe, Justin F., Cornew, Lauren, Qasmieh, Saba, Liu, Song, Welsh, John P., Levy, Susan E., Roberts, Timothy P. L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acoustic Stimulation
Adolescent
Auditory Cortex - physiopathology
Auditory Perception
Auditory Stimuli
Autism
Autism Spectrum Disorders
Behavioral Science and Psychology
Brain
Brain Hemisphere Functions
Brain Waves - physiology
Case-Control Studies
Child
Child and School Psychology
Child Development Disorders, Pervasive - complications
Child Development Disorders, Pervasive - physiopathology
Child Development Disorders, Pervasive - psychology
Children
Comparative Analysis
Development and progression
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Tests
Evoked potentials
Evoked Potentials, Auditory - physiology
Feedback (Response)
Female
Group Membership
Humans
Language
Language Aptitude
Language Development Disorders - physiopathology
Language Impairments
Magnetoencephalography
Male
Neurological Impairments
Neurosciences
Original Paper
Pediatrics
Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Physiological aspects
Psychology
Public Health
Reaction Time
Reaction Time - physiology
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Summary:Previous studies have observed evoked response latency as well as gamma band superior temporal gyrus (STG) auditory abnormalities in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). A limitation of these studies is that associations between these two abnormalities, as well as the full extent of oscillatory phenomena in ASD in terms of frequency and time, have not been examined. Subjects were presented pure tones at 200, 300, 500, and 1,000 Hz while magnetoencephalography assessed activity in STG auditory areas in a sample of 105 children with ASD and 36 typically developing controls (TD). Findings revealed a profile such that auditory STG processes in ASD were characterized by pre-stimulus abnormalities across multiple frequencies, then early high-frequency abnormalities followed by low-frequency abnormalities. Increased pre-stimulus activity was a ‘core’ abnormality, with pre-stimulus activity predicting post-stimulus neural abnormalities, group membership, and clinical symptoms (CELF-4 Core Language Index). Deficits in synaptic integration in the auditory cortex are associated with oscillatory abnormalities in ASD as well as patient symptoms. Increased pre-stimulus activity in ASD likely demonstrates a fundamental signal-to-noise deficit in individuals with ASD, with elevations in oscillatory activity suggesting an inability to maintain an appropriate ‘neural tone’ and an inability to rapidly return to a resting state prior to the next stimulus.
ISSN:0162-3257
1573-3432
DOI:10.1007/s10803-013-1904-x