Discovery of plant extracts that greatly delay yeast chronological aging and have different effects on longevity-defining cellular processes

We discovered six plant extracts that increase yeast chronological lifespan to a significantly greater extent than any of the presently known longevity-extending chemical compounds. One of these extracts is the most potent longevity-extending pharmacological intervention yet described. We show that...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Oncotarget 2016-03, Vol.7 (13), p.16542-16566
Main Authors: Lutchman, Vicky, Medkour, Younes, Samson, Eugenie, Arlia-Ciommo, Anthony, Dakik, Pamela, Cortes, Berly, Feldman, Rachel, Mohtashami, Sadaf, McAuley, Mélissa, Chancharoen, Marisa, Rukundo, Belise, Simard, Éric, Titorenko, Vladimir I
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Lipid Droplets - drug effects
Lipid Droplets - metabolism
Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial - drug effects
Mitochondria - drug effects
Mitochondria - metabolism
Mitochondria - physiology
Oxidation-Reduction - drug effects
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
Plant Extracts - pharmacology
Plants - chemistry
Plants - classification
Reactive Oxygen Species - antagonists & inhibitors
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
Research Paper
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - drug effects
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - metabolism
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - physiology
Species Specificity
Time Factors
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:We discovered six plant extracts that increase yeast chronological lifespan to a significantly greater extent than any of the presently known longevity-extending chemical compounds. One of these extracts is the most potent longevity-extending pharmacological intervention yet described. We show that each of the six plant extracts is a geroprotector which delays the onset and decreases the rate of yeast chronological aging by eliciting a hormetic stress response. We also show that each of these extracts has different effects on cellular processes that define longevity in organisms across phyla. These effects include the following: 1) increased mitochondrial respiration and membrane potential; 2) augmented or reduced concentrations of reactive oxygen species; 3) decreased oxidative damage to cellular proteins, membrane lipids, and mitochondrial and nuclear genomes; 4) enhanced cell resistance to oxidative and thermal stresses; and 5) accelerated degradation of neutral lipids deposited in lipid droplets. Our findings provide new insights into mechanisms through which chemicals extracted from certain plants can slow biological aging.
ISSN:1949-2553
1949-2553
DOI:10.18632/oncotarget.7665