Estimating the Prevalence and Predictors of Incorrect Condom Use Among Sexually Active Adults in Kenya: Results From a Nationally Representative Survey

BACKGROUNDCondom use continues to be an important primary prevention tool to reduce the acquisition and transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. However, incorrect use of condoms can reduce their effectiveness. METHODSUsing data from a 2012 nationally representative cross-secti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Sexually transmitted diseases 2016-02, Vol.43 (2), p.87-93
Main Authors:	Grasso, Michael A., Schwarcz, Sandra, Galbraith, Jennifer S., Musyoki, Helgar, Kambona, Caroline, Kellogg, Timothy A.
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Adolescent Adolescents Adult Adults Assistance programmes Breakage Condoms Condoms - utilization Confidence intervals Cross-Sectional Studies Disease prevention Disease transmission Female HIV HIV Infections - prevention & control Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Infections Intervention Kenya - epidemiology Male Middle Aged Original Study Partnerships Planners Polls & surveys Prevalence Prevention Prevention programs Regression analysis Safe Sex Sex Sexual Behavior Sexual Partners Sexually transmitted diseases Sexually Transmitted Diseases - prevention & control Statistical analysis STD Surveys and Questionnaires Young Adult
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Summary:	BACKGROUNDCondom use continues to be an important primary prevention tool to reduce the acquisition and transmission of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. However, incorrect use of condoms can reduce their effectiveness. METHODSUsing data from a 2012 nationally representative cross-sectional household survey conducted in Kenya, we analyzed a subpopulation of sexually active adults and estimated the percent that used condoms incorrectly during sex, and the type of condom errors. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine variables to be independently associated with incorrect condom use. RESULTSAmong 13,720 adolescents and adults, 8014 were sexually active in the previous 3 months (60.3%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 59.0–61.7). Among those who used a condom with a sex partner, 20% (95% CI, 17.4–22.6) experienced at least one instance of incorrect condom use in the previous 3 months. Of incorrect condom users, condom breakage or leakage was the most common error (52%; 95% CI, 44.5–59.6). Factors found to be associated with incorrect condom use were multiple sexual partnerships in the past 12 months (2 partnersadjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.5; 95% CI, 1.0–2.0; P = 0.03; ≥3aOR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.5–3.5; P < 0.01) and reporting symptoms of a sexually transmitted infection (aOR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.8–4.3; P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONSIncorrect condom use is frequent among sexually active Kenyans and this may translate into substantial HIV transmission. Further understanding of the dynamics of condom use and misuse, in the broader context of other prevention strategies, will aid program planners in the delivery of appropriate interventions aimed at limiting such errors.
ISSN:	0148-5717 1537-4521