Enhancing Asthma Self-Management in Rural School-Aged Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Purpose To test the effects of 2 modes of delivering an asthma educational intervention on health outcomes and asthma self‐management in school‐aged children who live in rural areas. Methods Longitudinal design with data collected 4 times over 12 months. The target sample was composed of children in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of rural health 2016-06, Vol.32 (3), p.260-268
Main Authors: Horner, Sharon D., Brown, Adama, Brown, Sharon A., Rew, D. Lynn
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Asthma
Asthma - prevention & control
Asthma - therapy
Attention
Child
child health
Child Welfare - statistics & numerical data
Children
Children & youth
Data analysis
Disease Management
Educational programs
Elementary schools
Emergency medical services
Emergency services
Enrollments
Female
Health care policy
Health education
Health Education - organization & administration
health promotion
Health status
Humans
Intervention
Longitudinal Studies
Low income groups
Male
Management
Medical diagnosis
Medical treatment
Parents & parenting
Participation
Questionnaires
Retention
Rural areas
rural children
Rural communities
Rural health care
Rural Population - statistics & numerical data
School Health Services - organization & administration
Schools
Schools - organization & administration
Self Care
Selfmanagement
Severity
Severity of Illness Index
Socioeconomic factors
Socioeconomic status
Socioeconomics
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Summary:Purpose To test the effects of 2 modes of delivering an asthma educational intervention on health outcomes and asthma self‐management in school‐aged children who live in rural areas. Methods Longitudinal design with data collected 4 times over 12 months. The target sample was composed of children in grades 2‐5 who had a provider diagnosis of asthma. Elementary schools were stratified into high or low socioeconomic status based on student enrollment in the free or reduced‐cost lunch program. Schools were then randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment arms: in‐school asthma class, asthma day camp, or the attention‐control group. Findings Sample retention was good (87.7%) and equally distributed by study arm. Improvements in emergency department visits and office visits were related to attending either the asthma class or asthma day camp. Asthma severity significantly decreased in both asthma treatment groups. Other factors such as hospitalizations, parent asthma management, and child asthma management improved for all groups. Conclusions Both asthma class and asthma day camp yielded significant reductions in asthma severity. There were reductions in the emergency department and office visits for the 2 asthma arms, and hospitalizations declined significantly for all groups. Asthma self‐management also improved in all groups, while it was somewhat higher in the asthma arms. This may be due to the attention being drawn to asthma management by study participation and the action of completing questionnaires about asthma management, asthma symptoms, and health outcomes.
ISSN:0890-765X
1748-0361
DOI:10.1111/jrh.12150