Inducible clindamycin resistance and nasal carriage rates of Staphylococcus aureus among healthcare workers and community members

Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus is becoming an increasing problem among healthcare workers and community individuals. To determine the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) nasal colonization and inducible clindamycin resistance (ICR) of S. aureus among healthcare workers at S...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:African health sciences 2015-01, Vol.15 (3), p.861-867
Main Authors: Mahmoud, Alaa M, Albadawy, Hanaa S, Bolis, Samira M, Bilal, Naser E, Ahmed, Abdalla O, Ibrahim, Mutasim E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
Carrier State - epidemiology
Clindamycin - pharmacology
Disease control
Drug resistance
Health Personnel - statistics & numerical data
Hospitals
Humans
Infectious Disease Transmission, Professional-to-Patient - prevention & control
Medical Personnel
Methicillin Resistance
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus - isolation & purification
Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Nose
Nose - microbiology
Nosocomial infections
Prevalence
Research methodology
Staphylococcal Infections - drug therapy
Staphylococcal Infections - epidemiology
Staphylococcal Infections - microbiology
Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects
Staphylococcus aureus - isolation & purification
Statistical analysis
Sudan - epidemiology
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Summary:Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus is becoming an increasing problem among healthcare workers and community individuals. To determine the prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) nasal colonization and inducible clindamycin resistance (ICR) of S. aureus among healthcare workers at Soba University Hospital and community members in Khartoum State, Sudan. Five hundred nasal swabs samples were collected during March 2009 to April 2010. Isolates were identified using conventional laboratory assays and MRSA determined by the disk diffusion method. The D-test was performed for detection of ICR isolates with Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. Of the 114 S. aureus isolated, 20.2% represented MRSA. The occurrence of MRSA was significantly higher among healthcare worker than community individuals [32.7% (18/55) vs. 6.9% (5/59)] (p=0.001). Overall the 114 S. aureus isolates tested for ICR by D-test, 29 (25.4%) yielded inducible resistance. Significantly higher (p=0.026) ICR was detected among MRSA (43.5%) than methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) (20.9%). MRSA nasal carriage among healthcare workers needs infection control practice in hospitals to prevent transmission of MRSA. The occurrence of ICR in S. aureus is of a great concern, D- test should be carried out routinely in our hospitals to avoid therapeutic failure.
ISSN:1680-6905
1729-0503
1680-6905
DOI:10.4314/ahs.v15i3.21