Evaluation of the Safety and Immunogenicity of a Candidate Pandemic Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine (pLAIV) Against Influenza A(H7N9)

Background. We evaluated a candidate A/Anhui/2013(H7N9) pandemic live attenuated influenza vaccine (pLAIV) in healthy adults, and assessed the ability of 1 or 2 doses to induce immune memory. Methods. Healthy subjects in 2 age groups (18–49 years and 50–70 years) with undetectable hemagglutination-i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of infectious diseases 2016-03, Vol.213 (6), p.922-929
Main Authors: Sobhanie, Mahdee, Matsuoka, Yumiko, Jegaskanda, Sinthujan, Fitzgerald, Theresa, Mallory, Raburn, Chen, Zhongying, Luke, Catherine, Treanor, John, Subbarao, Kanta
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Administration, Intranasal
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aging
Antibodies, Viral - blood
Drug Administration Schedule
Female
Humans
Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype - immunology
Influenza Vaccines - adverse effects
Influenza Vaccines - immunology
Influenza, Human - prevention & control
Major and Brief Reports
Male
Middle Aged
Pandemics - prevention & control
Time Factors
Virus Replication - physiology
Virus Shedding
VIRUSES
Young Adult
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Summary:Background. We evaluated a candidate A/Anhui/2013(H7N9) pandemic live attenuated influenza vaccine (pLAIV) in healthy adults, and assessed the ability of 1 or 2 doses to induce immune memory. Methods. Healthy subjects in 2 age groups (18–49 years and 50–70 years) with undetectable hemagglutination-inhibiting (HAI) antibody to H7N9 were enrolled. Younger subjects received either 1 or 2 intranasal doses of 107.0 fluorescent focus units of A/Anhui/1/2013 pLAIV, while older subjects received a single dose. All subjects received a single 30-μg dose of unadjuvanted, antigenically matched A/Shanghai2/2013(H7N9) pandemic inactivated influenza vaccine (pIIV) 12 weeks after their first dose of pLAIV. Results. Both vaccines were well tolerated. Serum HAI antibody responses were detected in 0 of 32 younger subjects and 1 of 17 older subjects after 1 dose of pLAIV and in 2 of 16 younger subjects after a second dose. Strong serum antibody responses were detected after a single subsequent dose of pIIV that was broadly reactive against H7 influenza viruses. Conclusions. An A(H7N9) pLAIV candidate was safe in both age groups. Priming with pLAIV resulted in responses to subsequent pIIV that exceeded those seen in naive subjects in previous reports. The A(H7N9) pLAIV induces strong immune memory that can be demonstrated by exposure to subsequent antigenic challenge. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT01995695 and NCT02274545.
ISSN:0022-1899
1537-6613
1537-6613
DOI:10.1093/infdis/jiv526