Lesser suppression of energy intake by orally ingested whey protein in healthy older men compared with young controls

Protein-rich supplements are used widely for the management of malnutrition in young and older people. Protein is the most satiating of the macronutrients in young. It is not known how the effects of oral protein ingestion on energy intake, appetite, and gastric emptying are modified by age. The aim...

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Published in:American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology integrative and comparative physiology, 2015-10, Vol.309 (8), p.R845-R854
Main Authors: Giezenaar, Caroline, Trahair, Laurence G, Rigda, Rachael, Hutchison, Amy T, Feinle-Bisset, Christine, Luscombe-Marsh, Natalie D, Hausken, Trygve, Jones, Karen L, Horowitz, Michael, Chapman, Ian, Soenen, Stijn
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Aging
Appetite
Cross-Over Studies
Double-Blind Method
Energy Intake - drug effects
Energy Intake - physiology
Gastric Emptying - drug effects
Humans
Male
Malnutrition
Obesity, Diabetes and Energy Homeostasis
Older people
Proteins
Whey Proteins - administration & dosage
Whey Proteins - pharmacology
Young Adult
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Summary:Protein-rich supplements are used widely for the management of malnutrition in young and older people. Protein is the most satiating of the macronutrients in young. It is not known how the effects of oral protein ingestion on energy intake, appetite, and gastric emptying are modified by age. The aim of the study was to determine the suppression of energy intake by protein compared with control and underlying gastric-emptying and appetite responses of oral whey protein drinks in eight healthy older men (69-80 yr) compared with eight young male controls (18-34 yr). Subjects were studied on three occasions to determine the effects of protein loads of 30 g/120 kcal and 70 g/280 kcal compared with a flavored water control-drink (0 g whey protein) on energy intake (ad libitum buffet-style meal), and gastric emptying (three-dimensional-ultrasonography) and appetite (0-180 min) in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over design. Energy intake was suppressed by the protein compared with control (P = 0.034). Suppression of energy intake by protein was less in older men (1 ± 5%) than in young controls (15 ± 2%; P = 0.008). Cumulative energy intake (meal+drink) on the protein drink days compared with the control day increased more in older (18 ± 6%) men than young (1 ± 3%) controls (P = 0.008). Gastric emptying of all three drinks was slower in older men (50% gastric-emptying time: 68 ± 5 min) than young controls (36 ± 5 min; P = 0.007). Appetite decreased in young, while it increased in older (P < 0.05). In summary, despite having slower gastric emptying, elderly men exhibited blunted protein-induced suppression of energy intake by whey protein compared with young controls, so that in the elderly men, protein ingestion increased overall energy intake more than in the young men.
ISSN:0363-6119
1522-1490
DOI:10.1152/ajpregu.00213.2015