Bouveret's syndrome complicated by a distal gallstone ileus

Gastric outlet obstruction caused by duodenal impaction of a large gallstone migrated through a cholecystoduodenal fistula has been referred as Bouveret's syndrome. Endoscopic lithotomy is the first-step treatment, however, surgery is indicated in case of failure or complication during this pro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:World journal of gastroenterology : WJG 2003-12, Vol.9 (12), p.2873-2875
Main Authors: Gencosmanoglu, Rasim, Inceoglu, Resit, Baysal, Caglar, Akansel, Sertac, Tozun, Nurdan
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Case Report
Duodenal Diseases - complications
Duodenal Diseases - surgery
Female
Gallstones - complications
Gallstones - surgery
Humans
Ileus - complications
Ileus - surgery
Time Factors
Treatment Outcome
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Summary:Gastric outlet obstruction caused by duodenal impaction of a large gallstone migrated through a cholecystoduodenal fistula has been referred as Bouveret's syndrome. Endoscopic lithotomy is the first-step treatment, however, surgery is indicated in case of failure or complication during this procedure. We report herein an 84-year-old woman presenting with features of gastric outlet obstruction due to impacted gallstone. She underwent an endoscopic retrieval which was unsuccessful and was further complicated by distal gallstone ileus. Physical examination was irrelevant. Endoscopy revealed multiple erosions around the cardia, a large stone in the second part of the duodenum causing complete obstruction, and wide ulceration in the duodenal wall where the stone was impacted. Several attempts of endoscopic extraction by using foreign body forceps failed and surgical intervention was mandatory. Preoperative ultrasound evidenced pneumobilia whilst computerized tomography showed a large stone, 5 cm x 4 cm x 3 cm, logging at the proximal jejunum and another one, 2.5 cm x 2 cm x 2 cm, in the duodenal bulb causing a closed-loop syndrome. She underwent laparotomy and the jejunal stone was removed by enterotomy. Another stone reported as located in the duodenum preoperatively was found to be present in the gallbladder by intraoperative ultrasound. Therefore, cholecystoduodenal fistula was broken down, the stone was retrieved and cholecystectomy with duodenal repair was carried out. She was discharged after an uneventful postoperative course. As the simplest and the least morbid procedure, endoscopic stone retrieval should be attempted in the treatment of patients with Bouveret's syndrome. When it fails, surgical lithotomy consisting of simple enterotomy may solve the problem. Although cholecystectomy and cholecystoduodenal fistula breakdown is unnecessary in every case, conditions may urge the surgeon to perform such operations even though they carry high morbidity and mortality.
ISSN:1007-9327
2219-2840
DOI:10.3748/wjg.v9.i12.2873