Updates in biological therapies for knee injuries: anterior cruciate ligament

There have been many advances in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) techniques incorporating biological treatment. The aim of this review is to discuss the recent contributions that may enlighten our understanding of biological therapies for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine 2014-09, Vol.7 (3), p.228-238
Main Authors: da Silveira Franciozi, Carlos Eduardo, Ingham, Sheila Jean McNeill, Gracitelli, Guilherme Conforto, Luzo, Marcus Vinicius Malheiros, Fu, Freddie H., Abdalla, Rene Jorge
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Knee: Stem Cells (M Ferretti
Knee: Stem Cells (M Ferretti, Section Editor)
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Minimally Invasive Surgery
Orthopedics
Rehabilitation Medicine
Section Editor
Sports Medicine
Surgery
Surgical Orthopedics
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Summary:There have been many advances in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) techniques incorporating biological treatment. The aim of this review is to discuss the recent contributions that may enlighten our understanding of biological therapies for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and improve management decisions involving these enhancement options. Three main biological procedures will be analyzed: bio-enhanced ACL repair, bio-enhanced ACLR scrutinized under the four basic principles of tissue engineering (scaffolds, cell sources, growth factors/cytokines including platelet-rich plasma, and mechanical stimuli), and remnant-preserving ACLR. There is controversial information regarding remnant-preserving ACLR, since different procedures are grouped under the same designation. A new definition for remnant-preserving ACLR surgery is proposed, dividing it into its three major procedures (selective bundle augmentation, augmentation, and nonfunctional remnant preservation); also, an ACL lesion pattern classification and a treatment algorithm, which will hopefully standardize these terms and procedures for future studies, are presented.
ISSN:1935-973X
1935-9748
DOI:10.1007/s12178-014-9228-9