Schistosoma mansoni and HIV infection in a Ugandan population with high HIV and helminth prevalence

Objectives Recent reports suggest that Schistosoma infection may increase the risk of acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We used data from a large cross‐sectional study to investigate whether Schistosoma mansoni infection is associated with increased HIV prevalence. Methods We conducted a...

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Published in:Tropical medicine & international health 2015-09, Vol.20 (9), p.1201-1208
Main Authors: Sanya, Richard E., Muhangi, Lawrence, Nampijja, Margaret, Nannozi, Victoria, Nakawungu, Prossy Kabuubi, Abayo, Elson, Webb, Emily L., Elliott, Alison M., Sanya, Richard, Nerima, Barbara, Webb, Emily, Mirembe, Beatrice, Okello, Justin, Levin, Jonathan, Namutebi, Milly, Zziwa, Christopher, Nakazibwe, Esther, Tumusiime, Josephine, Ninsiima, Carol, Kamukama, Grace, Amongin, Susan, Akello, Mirriam, Kizindo, Robert, Sewankambo, Moses, Nsubuga, Denis, Nakawungu, Prossy Kabubi, Niwagaba, Emmanuel, Oduru, Gloria, Kabami, Grace, Kabagenyi, Joyce, Nkurunungi, Gyaviira, Muwonge, Fred, Kizito, Dennison, Cose, Stephen, Abiriga, David, Mbaraga, Bonaventure, Musoke, Rebecca, George, Wambi, Kaweesa, James, Tukahebwa, Edridah, Elliott, Alison
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bilharzia
bilharziose
Disease transmission
esquistosomiasis
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
Original
Original Research Papers
Parasitic diseases
Risk factors
Schistosoma mansoni
schistosomiase
schistosomiasis
VIH
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Summary:Objectives Recent reports suggest that Schistosoma infection may increase the risk of acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We used data from a large cross‐sectional study to investigate whether Schistosoma mansoni infection is associated with increased HIV prevalence. Methods We conducted a household survey of residents in island fishing communities in Mukono district, Uganda, between October 2012 and July 2013. HIV status was assessed using rapid test kits. Kato‐Katz (KK) stool tests and urine‐circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) were used to test for Schistosoma infection. Multivariable logistic regression, allowing for the survey design, was used to investigate the association between S. mansoni infection and HIV infection. Results Data from 1412 participants aged 13 years and older were analysed (mean age 30.3 years, 45% female). The prevalence of HIV was 17.3%. Using the stool Kato‐Katz technique on a single sample, S. mansoni infection was detected in 57.2% (719/1257) of participants; urine CCA was positive in 73.8% (478/650) of those tested. S. mansoni infection was not associated with HIV infection. [KK (aOR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.74–1.47, P = 0.81), CCA (aOR = 1.53; 95% CI: 0.78–3.00, P = 0.19)]. The median S. mansoni egg count per gram was lower in the HIV‐positive participants (P = 0.005). Conclusions These results add to the evidence that S. mansoni has little effect on HIV transmission, but may influence egg excretion. Objectifs Des rapports récents suggèrent que l'infection à Schistosoma pourrait augmenter le risque de contracter le virus de l'immunodéficience humaine (VIH). Nous avons utilisé les données d'une vaste étude transversale afin de déterminer si l'infection à Schistosoma mansoni était associée à une prévalence accrue du VIH. Méthodes Nous avons mené une enquête auprès des ménages de résidents dans les communautés de pêcheurs de l’île du district de Mukono, en Ouganda, entre octobre 2012 et juillet 2013. Le statut VIH a été évalué en utilisant des kits de tests rapides. La technique Kato‐Katz (KK) sur les selles et l'antigène cathodique circulant (ACC) de l'urine ont été utilisés pour déterminer l'infection Schistosoma. Une régression logistique multivariée, permettant la conception de l'enquête, a été utilisée pour étudier l'association entre l'infection à S. mansoni et l'infection par le VIH. Résultats Les données de 1412 participants âgés de 13 ans et plus ont été analysées (âge moyen: 30,3 ans, 45% de femmes). La prévalence d
ISSN:1360-2276
1365-3156
DOI:10.1111/tmi.12545