The biological response to nanometre-sized polymer particles

[Display omitted] Recently, nanometre-sized UHMWPE particles generated from hip and knee replacements have been identified in vitro and in vivo. UHMWPE particles in the 0.1–1.0μm size range have been shown to be more biologically active than larger particles, provoking an inflammatory response impli...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Acta biomaterialia 2015-09, Vol.23, p.38-51
Main Authors: Liu, Aiqin, Richards, Laura, Bladen, Catherine L., Ingham, Eileen, Fisher, John, Tipper, Joanne L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Bioactivity
Biocompatibility
Biological
Biomedical materials
Cells, Cultured
Cytokines
Cytokines - immunology
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Female
Humans
Immunologic Factors - immunology
Joint replacement
Leukocytes, Mononuclear - drug effects
Leukocytes, Mononuclear - immunology
Male
Materials Testing
Middle Aged
Nanoparticle
Nanoparticles - toxicity
Nanoparticles - ultrastructure
Nanostructure
Osteolysis
Particle Size
Polyethylene
Polyethylenes
Polyethylenes - toxicity
Surgical implants
Wear particles
Young Adult
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Summary:[Display omitted] Recently, nanometre-sized UHMWPE particles generated from hip and knee replacements have been identified in vitro and in vivo. UHMWPE particles in the 0.1–1.0μm size range have been shown to be more biologically active than larger particles, provoking an inflammatory response implicated in late aseptic loosening of total joint replacements. The biological activity of nanometre-sized particles has not previously been studied. The biological response to clinically-relevant UHMWPE wear particles including nanometre-sized and micrometre-sized, along with polystyrene particles (FluoSpheres 20nm, 60nm, 200nm and 1.0μm), and nanometre-sized model polyethylene particles (Ceridust 3615®), was determined in terms of osteolytic cytokine release from primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs). Nanometre-sized UHMWPE wear particles, nanometre-sized Ceridust 3615® and 20nm FluoSpheres had no significant effect on TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 release from PBMNCs at a concentration of 100μm3 particles per cell after 12 and 24h. The micrometre-size UHMWPE wear particles (0.1–1.0μm) and 60nm, 200nm and 1.0μm FluoSpheres caused significantly elevated osteolytic cytokine release from PBMNCs. These results indicated that particles below circa 50nm fail to activate PBMNCs and that particle size, composition and morphology played a crucial role in cytokine release by particle stimulated macrophages.
ISSN:1742-7061
1878-7568
DOI:10.1016/j.actbio.2015.05.016