Medial gastrocnemius muscle growth during adolescence is mediated by increased fascicle diameter rather than by longitudinal fascicle growth

Using a cross‐sectional design, the purpose of this study was to determine how pennate gastrocnemius medialis (GM) muscle geometry changes as a function of adolescent age. Sixteen healthy adolescent males (aged 10–19 years) participated in this study. GM muscle geometry was measured within the mid‐l...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of anatomy 2015-06, Vol.226 (6), p.530-541
Main Authors: Weide, Guido, Huijing, Peter A., Maas, Josina C., Becher, Jules G., Harlaar, Jaap, Jaspers, Richard T.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
adolescents
Adult
Child
development
Electromyography
Female
Foot - physiology
gastrocnemius medialis
growth
Humans
hypertrophy
Imaging, Three-Dimensional - methods
Isometric Contraction - physiology
Male
muscle geometry
Muscle, Skeletal - anatomy & histology
Muscle, Skeletal - diagnostic imaging
Muscle, Skeletal - growth & development
Muscle, Skeletal - physiology
Original
physiological cross‐sectional area
Range of Motion, Articular
Ultrasonography
ultrasound imaging
Young Adult
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Summary:Using a cross‐sectional design, the purpose of this study was to determine how pennate gastrocnemius medialis (GM) muscle geometry changes as a function of adolescent age. Sixteen healthy adolescent males (aged 10–19 years) participated in this study. GM muscle geometry was measured within the mid‐longitudinal plane obtained from a 3D voxel‐array composed of transverse ultrasound images. Images were taken at footplate angles corresponding to standardised externally applied footplate moments (between 4 Nm plantar flexion and 6 Nm dorsal flexion). Muscle activity was recorded using surface electromyography (EMG), expressed as a percentage of maximal voluntary contraction (%MVC). To minimise the effects of muscle excitation, EMG inclusion criteria were set at
ISSN:0021-8782
1469-7580
DOI:10.1111/joa.12306