Physical Fitness and Hypertension in a Population at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease: The Henry Ford ExercIse Testing (FIT) Project

Background Increased physical fitness is protective against cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that increased fitness would be inversely associated with hypertension. Methods and Results We examined the association of fitness with prevalent and incident hypertension in 57 284 participants from...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the American Heart Association 2014-12, Vol.3 (6), p.e001268-n/a
Main Authors: Juraschek, Stephen P., Blaha, Michael J., Whelton, Seamus P., Blumenthal, Roger, Jones, Steven R., Keteyian, Steven J., Schairer, John, Brawner, Clinton A., Al‐Mallah, Mouaz H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Antihypertensive Agents - therapeutic use
Blood Pressure - drug effects
Chi-Square Distribution
cohort
Cross-Sectional Studies
Exercise Test
Female
fitness
Humans
hypertension
Hypertension - diagnosis
Hypertension - drug therapy
Hypertension - epidemiology
Hypertension - physiopathology
Hypertension - prevention & control
Incidence
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
Logistic Models
Longitudinal Studies
Male
metabolic equivalents
Michigan - epidemiology
Middle Aged
Original Research
physical activity
Physical Fitness
Predictive Value of Tests
Prevalence
Prognosis
Proportional Hazards Models
Protective Factors
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Time Factors
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Summary:Background Increased physical fitness is protective against cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that increased fitness would be inversely associated with hypertension. Methods and Results We examined the association of fitness with prevalent and incident hypertension in 57 284 participants from The Henry Ford ExercIse Testing (FIT) Project (1991–2009). Fitness was measured during a clinician‐referred treadmill stress test. Incident hypertension was defined as a new diagnosis of hypertension on 3 separate consecutive encounters derived from electronic medical records or administrative claims files. Analyses were performed with logistic regression or Cox proportional hazards models and were adjusted for hypertension risk factors. The mean age overall was 53 years, with 49% women and 29% black. Mean peak metabolic equivalents (METs) achieved was 9.2 (SD, 3.0). Fitness was inversely associated with prevalent hypertension even after adjustment (≥12 METs versus
ISSN:2047-9980
2047-9980
DOI:10.1161/JAHA.114.001268