Novel Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Photoinactivation of In Situ Oral Biofilms by Visible Light plus Water-Filtered Infrared A

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) has gained increased attention as an alternative treatment approach in various medical fields. However, the effect of APDT using visible light plus water-filtered infrared A (VIS + wIRA) on oral biofilms remains unexplored. For this purpose, initial and matu...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied and Environmental Microbiology 2014-12, Vol.80 (23), p.7324-7336
Main Authors: Karygianni, L, Ruf, S, Follo, M, Hellwig, E, Bucher, M, Anderson, A C, Vach, K, Al-Ahmad, A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents - metabolism
Antimicrobial agents
Bacteria - radiation effects
Bacterial Physiological Phenomena - radiation effects
Biofilms
Biofilms - radiation effects
Cattle
Colony Count, Microbial
Healthy Volunteers
Humans
Infrared Rays
Light
Methods
Microbial Viability - radiation effects
Microbiology
Microorganisms
Mouth - microbiology
Photochemotherapy - methods
Photosensitizing Agents - metabolism
Staining and Labeling
Treatment Outcome
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) has gained increased attention as an alternative treatment approach in various medical fields. However, the effect of APDT using visible light plus water-filtered infrared A (VIS + wIRA) on oral biofilms remains unexplored. For this purpose, initial and mature oral biofilms were obtained in situ; six healthy subjects wore individual upper jaw acrylic devices with bovine enamel slabs attached to their proximal sites for 2 h or 3 days. The biofilms were incubated with 100 μg ml(-1) toluidine blue O (TB) or chlorin e6 (Ce6) and irradiated with VIS + wIRA with an energy density of 200 mW cm(-2) for 5 min. After cultivation, the CFU of half of the treated biofilm samples were quantified, whereas following live/dead staining, the other half of the samples were monitored by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). TB- and Ce6-mediated APDT yielded a significant decrease of up to 3.8 and 5.7 log10 CFU for initial and mature oral biofilms, respectively. Quantification of the stained photoinactivated microorganisms confirmed these results. Overall, CLSM revealed the diffusion of the tested photosensitizers into the deepest biofilm layers after exposure to APDT. In particular, Ce6-aided APDT presented elevated permeability and higher effectiveness in eradicating 89.62% of biofilm bacteria compared to TB-aided APDT (82.25%) after 3 days. In conclusion, antimicrobial photoinactivation using VIS + wIRA proved highly potent in eradicating oral biofilms. Since APDT excludes the development of microbial resistance, it could supplement the pharmaceutical treatment of periodontitis or peri-implantitis.
ISSN:0099-2240
1098-5336
1098-6596
DOI:10.1128/AEM.02490-14