Effectiveness of the E2-classical swine fever virus recombinant vaccine produced and formulated within whey from genetically transformed goats

Subunit recombinant vaccines against classical swine fever virus (CSFV) are a promising alternative to overcome practical and biosafety issues with inactivated vaccines. One of the strategies in evaluation under field conditions is the use of a new marker E2-based vaccine produced in the milk of ade...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical and vaccine immunology 2014-12, Vol.21 (12), p.1628-1634
Main Authors: Sánchez, O, Barrera, M, Farnós, O, Parra, N C, Salgado, E R, Saavedra, P A, Meza, C D, Rivas, C I, Cortez-San Martín, M, Toledo, J R
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antibodies, Neutralizing - immunology
Antibodies, Viral - immunology
Classical Swine Fever - prevention & control
Classical swine fever virus
Classical swine fever virus - immunology
Female
Goats
Swine
Vaccination
Vaccines
Vaccines, Subunit - genetics
Vaccines, Subunit - immunology
Vaccines, Synthetic - genetics
Vaccines, Synthetic - immunology
Viral Envelope Proteins - genetics
Viral Envelope Proteins - immunology
Viral Vaccines - genetics
Viral Vaccines - immunology
Whey Proteins
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Summary:Subunit recombinant vaccines against classical swine fever virus (CSFV) are a promising alternative to overcome practical and biosafety issues with inactivated vaccines. One of the strategies in evaluation under field conditions is the use of a new marker E2-based vaccine produced in the milk of adenovirally transduced goats. Previously we had demonstrated the efficacy of this antigen, which conferred early protection and long-lasting immunity in swine against CSFV infection. Here, we have used a simpler downstream process to obtain and formulate the recombinant E2 glycoprotein expressed in the mammary gland. The expression levels reached approximately 1.7 mg/ml, and instead of chromatographic separation of the antigen, we utilized a clarification process that eliminates the fat content, retains a minor amount of caseins, and includes an adenoviral inactivation step that improves the biosafety of the final formulation. In a vaccination and challenge experiment in swine, different doses of the E2 antigen contained within the clarified whey generated an effective immune response of neutralizing antibodies that protected all of the animals against a lethal challenge with CSFV. During the immunization and after challenge, the swine were monitored for adverse reactions related to the vaccine or symptoms of CSF, respectively. No adverse reactions or clinical signs of disease were observed in vaccinated animals, in which no replication of CSFV could be detected after challenge. Overall, we consider that the simplicity of the procedures proposed here is a further step toward the introduction and implementation of a commercial subunit vaccine against CSF.
ISSN:1556-6811
1556-679X
DOI:10.1128/CVI.00416-14