Linker phosphorylation of Smad3 promotes fibro-carcinogenesis in chronic viral hepatitis of hepatocellular carcinoma

Epidemiological and clinical data point to a close association between chronic hepatitis B virus infection or chronic hepatitis C virus infection and development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).HCC develops over several decades and is associated with fibrosis.This sequence suggests that persistent...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:World journal of gastroenterology : WJG 2014-11, Vol.20 (41), p.15018-15027
Main Authors: Murata, Miki, Yoshida, Katsunori, Yamaguchi, Takashi, Matsuzaki, Koichi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - metabolism
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - pathology
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular - virology
Cell Transformation, Viral
Chronic
factor
growth
hepatitis
Hepatitis B, Chronic - complications
Hepatitis C, Chronic - complications
Humans
JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism
Liver - metabolism
Liver - pathology
Liver - virology
Liver Neoplasms - metabolism
Liver Neoplasms - pathology
Liver Neoplasms - virology
Phosphorylation
Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta - metabolism
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
Signal Transduction
Smad3 Protein - metabolism
Topic Highlight
Transforming
Transforming Growth Factor beta - metabolism
viral
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Summary:Epidemiological and clinical data point to a close association between chronic hepatitis B virus infection or chronic hepatitis C virus infection and development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).HCC develops over several decades and is associated with fibrosis.This sequence suggests that persistent viral infection and chronic inflammation can synergistically induce liver fibrosis and hepatocarcinogenesis.The transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in diverse cellular processes and contributes to hepatic fibro-carcinogenesis under inflammatory microenvironments during chronic liver diseases.The biological activities of TGF-β are initiated by the binding of the ligand to TGF-β receptors,which phosphorylate Smad proteins.TGF-β typeⅠreceptor activates Smad3 to create COOH-terminally phosphorylated Smad3(pSmad3C),while pro-inflammatory cytokine-activated kinases phosphorylates Smad3 to create the linker phosphorylated Smad3(pSmad3L).During chronic liver disease progression,virus components,together with pro-inflammatory cytokines and somatic mutations,convert the Smad3 signal from tumor-suppressive pS-mad3C to fibro-carcinogenic pSmad3 L pathways,accelerating liver fibrosis and increasing the risk of HCC.The understanding of Smad3 phosphorylation profiles may provide new opportunities for effective chemoprevention and personalized therapy for patients with hepatitis virus-related HCC in the future.
ISSN:1007-9327
2219-2840
DOI:10.3748/wjg.v20.i41.15018