Salicylic acid signaling inhibits apoplastic reactive oxygen species signaling

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are used by plants as signaling molecules during stress and development. Given the amount of possible challenges a plant face from their environment, plants need to activate and prioritize between potentially conflicting defense signaling pathways. Until recently, most...

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Published in:BMC plant biology 2014-06, Vol.14 (1), p.155-155
Main Authors: Xu, Enjun, Brosché, Mikael
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abiotic stress
Apoptosis
Arabidopsis - drug effects
Arabidopsis - genetics
Arabidopsis - immunology
Arabidopsis - metabolism
Arabidopsis Proteins - genetics
Arabidopsis Proteins - metabolism
Cell death
Cell Death - drug effects
Cell Wall - drug effects
Cell Wall - metabolism
Cluster Analysis
Cytokinins
Ethylenes - metabolism
Experiments
Gene expression
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - drug effects
Infections
Mutation
Mutation - genetics
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
Oxygen
Phenotype
Physiological aspects
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
Salicylic Acid - metabolism
Salicylic Acid - pharmacology
Senescence
Signal Transduction - drug effects
Stress response
Studies
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Summary:Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are used by plants as signaling molecules during stress and development. Given the amount of possible challenges a plant face from their environment, plants need to activate and prioritize between potentially conflicting defense signaling pathways. Until recently, most studies on signal interactions have focused on phytohormone interaction, such as the antagonistic relationship between salicylic acid (SA)-jasmonic acid and cytokinin-auxin. In this study, we report an antagonistic interaction between SA signaling and apoplastic ROS signaling. Treatment with ozone (O3) leads to a ROS burst in the apoplast and induces extensive changes in gene expression and elevation of defense hormones. However, Arabidopsis thaliana dnd1 (defense no death1) exhibited an attenuated response to O3. In addition, the dnd1 mutant displayed constitutive expression of defense genes and spontaneous cell death. To determine the exact process which blocks the apoplastic ROS signaling, double and triple mutants involved in various signaling pathway were generated in dnd1 background. Simultaneous elimination of SA-dependent and SA-independent signaling components from dnd1 restored its responsiveness to O3. Conversely, pre-treatment of plants with SA or using mutants that constitutively activate SA signaling led to an attenuation of changes in gene expression elicited by O3. Based upon these findings, we conclude that plants are able to prioritize the response between ROS and SA via an antagonistic action of SA and SA signaling on apoplastic ROS signaling.
ISSN:1471-2229
1471-2229
DOI:10.1186/1471-2229-14-155