Retrospective evaluation of parenteral nutrition in alpacas: 22 cases (2002–2008)

Background: Parenteral nutrition is an important method of nutritional support in hospitalized animals, but minimal information has been published on its use in camelids. Hypothesis/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to characterize the use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in alpacas, eval...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of veterinary internal medicine 2011-05, Vol.25 (3), p.598-604
Main Authors: Clore, E.R.S, Freeman, L.M, Bedenice, D, Buffington, C.A. Tony, Anderson, D.E
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
alpacas
Animals
Camelidae
Camelids
Camelids, New World
Critical illness
enteral feeding
Gastrointestinal Diseases - therapy
Gastrointestinal Diseases - veterinary
gastrointestinal system
hyperglycemia
hyperlipidemia
hypokalemia
Intravenous feeding
Liver Diseases - therapy
Liver Diseases - veterinary
medicine
neoplasms
Neoplasms - therapy
Neoplasms - veterinary
Nutritional support
Parenteral Nutrition, Total - veterinary
prospective studies
refeeding
Retrospective Studies
survival rate
total parenteral nutrition
veterinary medicine
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Request full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Background: Parenteral nutrition is an important method of nutritional support in hospitalized animals, but minimal information has been published on its use in camelids. Hypothesis/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to characterize the use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in alpacas, evaluate the formulations used, and determine potential complications. Animals: Twenty-two alpacas hospitalized at the Tufts Cummings School for Veterinary Medicine (site 1: n = 8) and the Ohio State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (site 2: n = 14). Methods: A retrospective analysis of all alpacas that received TPN between 2002 and 2008 was performed to assess clinical indications, clinical and clinicopathologic data, and outcome. Results: The most common underlying diseases in animals receiving TPN were gastrointestinal dysfunction (n = 16), hepatic disease (n = 2), and neoplasia (n = 2). Several metabolic abnormalities were identified in animals (n = 20/22) before TPN was initiated, including lipemia (n = 12/22), hyperglycemia (11/22), and hypokalemia (n = 11/22). Median age was significantly lower for site 1 cases (0.1 years; range, 0.01–11.0) compared with those from site 2 (4.9 years; range, 0.1–13.7; P= .03). Animals at site 2 also had a longer duration of hospitalization (P= .01) and TPN administration (P= .004), as well as higher survival rate (P < .02). Twenty-one of 22 alpacas developed at least 1 complication during TPN administration. Metabolic complications were most prevalent (n = 21/22) and included hyperglycemia (n = 8/21), lipemia (n = 7/21), hypokalemia (n = 3/21), and refeeding syndrome (n = 3/21). Conclusions and Clinical Importance: TPN is a feasible method of nutritional support for alpacas when enteral feeding is not possible. Prospective studies are warranted to determine optimal TPN formulations for alpacas.
ISSN:0891-6640
1939-1676
DOI:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.0708.x