The opposite roles of glucocorticoid and α1-adrenergic receptors in stress triggered apoptosis of rat Leydig cells

The stress-induced initiation of proapoptotic signaling in Leydig cells is relatively well defined, but the duration of this signaling and the mechanism(s) involved in opposing the stress responses have not been addressed. In this study, immobilization stress (IMO) was applied for 2 h daily, and ani...

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Published in:American journal of physiology: endocrinology and metabolism 2013-01, Vol.304 (1), p.E51-E59
Main Authors: Andric, Silvana A, Kojic, Zvezdana, Bjelic, Maja M, Mihajlovic, Aleksandar I, Baburski, Aleksandar Z, Sokanovic, Srdjan J, Janjic, Marija M, Stojkov, Natasa J, Stojilkovic, Stanko S, Kostic, Tatjana S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Apoptosis - drug effects
Apoptosis - genetics
Apoptosis - physiology
Cells, Cultured
Corticosterone - blood
Corticosterone - metabolism
Corticosterone - pharmacology
Corticosterone - physiology
Drug Antagonism
Glucocorticoids - pharmacology
Glucocorticoids - physiology
Immobilization - psychology
Leydig Cells - drug effects
Leydig Cells - metabolism
Leydig Cells - physiology
Male
Mitochondria - drug effects
Mitochondria - metabolism
Mitochondria - physiology
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1 - genetics
Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1 - metabolism
Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1 - physiology
Receptors, Glucocorticoid - metabolism
Signal Transduction - drug effects
Signal Transduction - physiology
Stress, Psychological - blood
Stress, Psychological - genetics
Stress, Psychological - metabolism
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Summary:The stress-induced initiation of proapoptotic signaling in Leydig cells is relatively well defined, but the duration of this signaling and the mechanism(s) involved in opposing the stress responses have not been addressed. In this study, immobilization stress (IMO) was applied for 2 h daily, and animals were euthanized immediately after the first (IMO1), second (IMO2), and 10th (IMO10) sessions. In IMO1 and IMO2 rats, serum corticosterone and adrenaline were elevated, whereas serum androgens and mRNA transcription of insulin-like factor-3 in Leydig cells were inhibited. Reduced oxygen consumption and the mitochondrial membrane potential coupled with a leak of cytochrome c from mitochondria and increased caspase-9 expression, caspase-3 activity, and number of apoptotic Leydig cells was also observed. Corticosterone and adrenaline were also elevated in IMO10 rats but were accompanied with a partial recovery of androgen secretion and normalization of insulin-like factor-3 transcription coupled with increased cytochrome c expression, abolition of proapoptotic signaling, and normalization of the apoptotic events. Blockade of intratesticular glucocorticoid receptors diminished proapoptotic effects without affecting antiapoptotic effects, whereas blockade of intratesticular α(1)-adrenergic receptors diminished the antiapoptotic effects without affecting proapoptotic effects. These results confirmed a critical role of glucocorticoids in mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and showed for the first time the relevance of stress-induced upregulation of α(1)-adrenergic receptor expression in cell apoptotic resistance to repetitive IMOs. The opposite role of two hormones in control of the apoptotic rate in Leydig cells also provides a rationale for a partial recovery of androgen production in chronically stressed animals.
ISSN:0193-1849
1522-1555
DOI:10.1152/ajpendo.00443.2012