Neuroinflammation, Neurodegeneration, and Depression

Neurodegeneration and depression are two common co-morbid conditions, particularly within the aging population. Research has linked neuroinflammation as a major contributing factor to both of these diseases. The key to neuroinflammation effects on neurodegeneration and depression appears to lie with...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neurotoxicity research 2013-02, Vol.23 (2), p.131-144
Main Authors: Hurley, Laura L., Tizabi, Yousef
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cell Biology
Cytokines - metabolism
Depression - complications
Depression - drug therapy
Depression - epidemiology
Humans
Immune System Diseases - etiology
Immune System Diseases - prevention & control
Inflammation - etiology
Inflammation - immunology
Neurobiology
Neurochemistry
Neurodegenerative Diseases - complications
Neurodegenerative Diseases - drug therapy
Neurology
Neuroprotective Agents - therapeutic use
Neurosciences
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Review Article
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Summary:Neurodegeneration and depression are two common co-morbid conditions, particularly within the aging population. Research has linked neuroinflammation as a major contributing factor to both of these diseases. The key to neuroinflammation effects on neurodegeneration and depression appears to lie within the dysregulation of the control and release of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. This can come from an internal or external insult to the system, or from changes in the individual due to aging that culminate in immune dysregulation. The need to reduce neuroinflammation has led to extensive research into neuroprotectants. We discuss the efficacy found with nicotine, alcohol, resveratrol, curcumin, and ketamine. Our main focus will be on what research tells us about the connections between neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and depression, and the hope that neuroprotectants research gives people suffering from neurodegeneration and depression stemming from neuroinflammation. We will conclude by making suggestions for future research in this area.
ISSN:1029-8428
1476-3524
DOI:10.1007/s12640-012-9348-1