Postpartum Remodeling, Lactation, and Breast Cancer Risk: Summary of a National Cancer Institute―Sponsored Workshop

The pregnancy-lactation cycle (PLC) is a period in which the breast is transformed from a less-developed, nonfunctional organ into a mature, milk-producing gland that has evolved to meet the nutritional, developmental, and immune protection needs of the newborn. Cessation of lactation initiates a pr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:JNCI : Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2013-02, Vol.105 (3), p.166-174
Main Authors: FAUPEL-BADGER, Jessica M, ARCARO, Kathleen F, WATSON, Christine J, SHERMAN, Mark E, BALKAM, Jane J, HEATHER ELIASSEN, A, HASSIOTOU, Foteini, LEBRILLA, Carlito B, MICHELS, Karin B, PALMER, Julie R, SCHEDIN, Pepper, STUEBE, Alison M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Animal models
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Breast - anatomy & histology
Breast - physiology
Breast cancer
Breast Feeding
Breast milk
Breast Neoplasms - prevention & control
Breastfeeding & lactation
Cancer
Carcinogenesis
Congresses as Topic
Disease Models, Animal
Evidence-Based Medicine
Female
Gynecology. Andrology. Obstetrics
Histology
Humans
Interdisciplinary Communication
Lactation
Mammary gland diseases
Medical sciences
Milk, Human - chemistry
Milk, Human - cytology
Newborn babies
Nutrition
Organs
Parity
Postpartum Period
Pregnancy
Primary Prevention
Risk assessment
Risk Factors
Tumors
Workshops
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Description
Summary:The pregnancy-lactation cycle (PLC) is a period in which the breast is transformed from a less-developed, nonfunctional organ into a mature, milk-producing gland that has evolved to meet the nutritional, developmental, and immune protection needs of the newborn. Cessation of lactation initiates a process whereby the breast reverts to a resting state until the next pregnancy. Changes during this period permanently alter the morphology and molecular characteristics of the breast (molecular histology) and produce important, yet poorly understood, effects on breast cancer risk. To provide a state-of-the-science summary of this topic, the National Cancer Institute invited a multidisciplinary group of experts to participate in a workshop in Rockville, Maryland, on March 2, 2012. Topics discussed included: 1) the epidemiology of the PLC in relation to breast cancer risk, 2) breast milk as a biospecimen for molecular epidemiological and translational research, and 3) use of animal models to gain mechanistic insights into the effects of the PLC on breast carcinogenesis. This report summarizes conclusions of the workshop, proposes avenues for future research on the PLC and its relationship with breast cancer risk, and identifies opportunities to translate this knowledge to improve breast cancer outcomes.
ISSN:0027-8874
1460-2105
DOI:10.1093/jnci/djs505