Effects of cigarette smoking, metabolic syndrome and dehydroepiandrosterone deficiency on intima-media thickness and endothelial function in hypertensive postmenopausal women

Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between smoking and arterial hypertension as well as endothelial dysfunction in postmenopausal women without clinically manifested symptoms of atherosclerosis. The study groups consisted...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Medical science monitor 2012-04, Vol.18 (4), p.CR225-CR234
Main Authors: Mieczkowska, Jolanta, Mosiewicz, Jerzy, Sak, Jarosław, Grzybowski, Andrzej, Terlecki, Piotr, Barud, Wojciech, Kwaśniewski, Wojciech, Tutka, Piotr
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anthropometry
Biomarkers - blood
Blood Pressure - physiology
Carotid Intima-Media Thickness
Clinical Research
Dehydroepiandrosterone - blood
Dehydroepiandrosterone - deficiency
Diastole - physiology
Endothelium, Vascular - physiopathology
Female
Heart Rate - physiology
Humans
Hypertension - blood
Hypertension - complications
Hypertension - physiopathology
Inflammation Mediators - blood
Matrix Metalloproteinases - blood
Metabolic Syndrome - blood
Metabolic Syndrome - complications
Metabolic Syndrome - physiopathology
Middle Aged
Postmenopause - blood
Postmenopause - physiology
Smoking - adverse effects
Systole - physiology
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Summary:Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between smoking and arterial hypertension as well as endothelial dysfunction in postmenopausal women without clinically manifested symptoms of atherosclerosis. The study groups consisted of 35 current smokers and 45 nonsmokers. The thickness of intima-media complex (IMT), a marker of atherosclerosis, was measured in carotid arteries. Plasma concentrations of fasting glucose, insulin, lipoproteins, inflammatory markers (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, intercellular adhesion molecule-1), matrix metalloproteinases (metalloproteinase-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1), insulin, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) were measured. Smokers compared with nonsmokers showed lower fasting glucose levels in blood (87.0±10.9 and 93.2±13.6 mg/dl, p
ISSN:1234-1010
1643-3750
DOI:10.12659/MSM.882622