The role of default network deactivation in cognition and disease

The role of default network deactivation in cognition and disease

A considerable body of evidence has accumulated over recent years on the functions of the default-mode network (DMN) – a set of brain regions whose activity is high when the mind is not engaged in specific behavioral tasks and low during focused attention on the external environment. In this review,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Trends in cognitive sciences 2012-12, Vol.16 (12), p.584-592
Main Authors: Anticevic, Alan, Cole, Michael W, Murray, John D, Corlett, Philip R, Wang, Xiao-Jing, Krystal, John H
Format: Article
Language:eng
Subjects:
Adult and adolescent clinical studies
Biological and medical sciences
Brain - physiology
Brain - physiopathology
cognition
Cognition - physiology
Cognition Disorders - physiopathology
computational modeling
default-mode network
Depression
Humans
Medical sciences
Mood disorders
Nerve Net - physiology
Nerve Net - physiopathology
Neurology
Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychopathology. Psychiatry
Psychoses
Schizophrenia
suppression
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Summary:A considerable body of evidence has accumulated over recent years on the functions of the default-mode network (DMN) – a set of brain regions whose activity is high when the mind is not engaged in specific behavioral tasks and low during focused attention on the external environment. In this review, we focus on DMN suppression and its functional role in health and disease, summarizing evidence that spans several disciplines, including cognitive neuroscience, pharmacological neuroimaging, clinical neuroscience, and theoretical neuroscience. Collectively, this research highlights the functional relevance of DMN suppression for goal-directed cognition, possibly by reducing goal-irrelevant functions supported by the DMN (e.g., mind-wandering), and illustrates the functional significance of DMN suppression deficits in severe mental illness.
ISSN:1364-6613
1879-307X