Potent Induction Immunotherapy Promotes Long‐Term Insulin Independence After Islet Transplantation in Type 1 Diabetes

The seemingly inexorable decline in insulin independence after islet transplant alone (ITA) has raised concern about its clinical utility. We hypothesized that induction immunosuppression therapy determines durability of insulin independence. We analyzed the proportion of insulin‐independent patient...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of transplantation 2012-06, Vol.12 (6), p.1576-1583
Main Authors: Bellin, M. D., Barton, F. B., Heitman, A., Harmon, J. V., Kandaswamy, R., Balamurugan, A. N., Sutherland, D. E. R., Alejandro, R., Hering, B. J.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alemtuzumab
antithymocyte globulin
Biological and medical sciences
CD3
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - immunology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - surgery
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 - therapy
Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance
Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases)
Endocrinopathies
Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance
Humans
Immunotherapy
islet transplant
Islets of Langerhans Transplantation
Medical sciences
OKT3
Surgery (general aspects). Transplantations, organ and tissue grafts. Graft diseases
T cell
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:The seemingly inexorable decline in insulin independence after islet transplant alone (ITA) has raised concern about its clinical utility. We hypothesized that induction immunosuppression therapy determines durability of insulin independence. We analyzed the proportion of insulin‐independent patients following final islet infusion in four groups of ITA recipients according to induction immunotherapy: University of Minnesota recipients given FcR nonbinding anti‐CD3 antibody alone or T cell depleting antibodies (TCDAb) and TNF‐α inhibition (TNF‐α‐i) (group 1; n = 29); recipients reported to the Collaborative Islet Transplant Registry (CITR) given TCDAb+TNF‐α‐i (group 2; n = 20); CITR recipients given TCDAb without TNF‐α‐i (group 3; n = 43); and CITR recipients given IL‐2 receptor antibodies (IL‐2RAb) alone (group 4; n = 177). Results were compared with outcomes in pancreas transplant alone (PTA) recipients reported to the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (group 5; n = 677). The 5‐year insulin independence rates in group 1 (50%) and group 2 (50%) were comparable to outcomes in PTA (group 5: 52%; p>>0.05) but significantly higher than in group 3 (0%; p = 0.001) and group 4 (20%; p = 0.02). Induction immunosuppression was significantly associated with 5‐year insulin independence (p = 0.03), regardless of maintenance immunosuppression or other factors. These findings support potential for long‐term insulin independence after ITA using potent induction therapy, with anti‐CD3 Ab or TCDAb+TNF‐α‐i. Islet transplant recipients who receive induction immunosuppression with one of several depletional antibody preparations are more likely to exhibit long‐term insulin independence at 3 and 5 years posttransplant than patients who do not receive depletional induction therapy based on data from the Collaborative Islet Transplant Registry.
ISSN:1600-6135
1600-6143
DOI:10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03977.x