Bronchoalveolar lavage cell pattern from healthy human lung

Summary Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is widely accepted as a key diagnostic procedure in interstitial lung diseases (ILD). We performed a study to obtain reference intervals of differential cell patterns in BAL fluid with special attention to the origin of lavage fluid, e.g. bronchial/alveolar, to a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical and experimental immunology 2012-03, Vol.167 (3), p.523-531
Main Authors: Heron, M., Grutters, J. C., ten Dam‐Molenkamp, K. M., Hijdra, D., van Heugten‐Roeling, A., Claessen, A. M. E., Ruven, H. J. T., van den Bosch, J. M. M., van Velzen‐Blad, H.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
activation markers
Adolescent
Adult
age
Analytical, structural and metabolic biochemistry
Biological and medical sciences
bronchoalveolar lavage
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid - chemistry
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid - cytology
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid - immunology
CD4-CD8 Ratio
differential cell counts
Female
Forkhead Transcription Factors - blood
Forkhead Transcription Factors - metabolism
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Humans
Hypersensitivity, Immediate - immunology
Hypersensitivity, Immediate - metabolism
Hypersensitivity, Immediate - pathology
Leukocyte Count
Lung - cytology
Lung Diseases, Interstitial - diagnosis
Lung Diseases, Interstitial - immunology
Lung Diseases, Interstitial - metabolism
Lung Diseases, Interstitial - pathology
Lymphocyte Activation
lymphocyte subsets
Lymphocyte Subsets - cytology
Lymphocyte Subsets - immunology
Lymphocyte Subsets - metabolism
Male
Middle Aged
Reference Values
Smoking - metabolism
Smoking - pathology
Translational Studies
Young Adult
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Summary:Summary Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is widely accepted as a key diagnostic procedure in interstitial lung diseases (ILD). We performed a study to obtain reference intervals of differential cell patterns in BAL fluid with special attention to the origin of lavage fluid, e.g. bronchial/alveolar, to atopy and smoking status and to age of the healthy people. We performed bronchoalveolar lavage in 55 healthy subjects with known atopy status (age: 18–64 years, non‐smokers/smokers: 34/21) and determined differential cell counts and lymphocyte subsets in BAL fluid and blood. Moreover, in a subgroup of non‐smoking healthy individuals we measured the expression of the regulatory T cell marker forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3) on blood and BAL fluid lymphocytes in addition to a comprehensive set of activation markers. Differential cell counts from the alveolar lavage fraction differed significantly from calculated pooled fractions (n = 11). In contrast, marginal differences were found between atopic and non‐atopic subjects. Interestingly, the BAL fluid CD4+/CD8+ ratio correlated strongly with age (r2 = 0·50, P 
ISSN:0009-9104
1365-2249
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2249.2011.04529.x