Enhanced alveolar bone loss in a model of non-invasive periodontitis in rice rats

Oral Diseases (2012) 18, 459–468 Objective:  The rice rat (Oryzomys palustris) develops periodontitis‐like lesions when fed a diet rich in sucrose and casein (H‐SC). We aimed to establish whether this model can accurately mimic the development of human periodontitis. Materials and Methods:  For this...

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Published in:Oral diseases 2012-07, Vol.18 (5), p.459-468
Main Authors: Aguirre, JI, Akhter, MP, Kimmel, DB, Pingel, J, Xia, X, Williams, A, Jorgensen, M, Edmonds, K, Lee, JY, Reinhard, MK, Battles, AH, Kesavalu, L, Wronski, TJ
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alveolar Bone Loss - etiology
Alveolar Process - diagnostic imaging
Alveolar Process - pathology
Animal Feed - adverse effects
Animals
bone loss
Caseins - adverse effects
Diet
Dietary Sucrose - adverse effects
Disease Models, Animal
Female
Male
periodontitis
Periodontitis - etiology
rice rats
Rodents
Sigmodontinae
X-Ray Microtomography
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Summary:Oral Diseases (2012) 18, 459–468 Objective:  The rice rat (Oryzomys palustris) develops periodontitis‐like lesions when fed a diet rich in sucrose and casein (H‐SC). We aimed to establish whether this model can accurately mimic the development of human periodontitis. Materials and Methods:  For this purpose, 28‐day‐old rice rats (15/group) were assigned to standard (STD) or H‐SC diets and sacrificed after 6, 12, and 18 weeks. Jaws were processed for morphometric, histometric, histologic, histomorphometric, and micro‐CT analyses. Results:  We found a progressive increase in horizontal alveolar bone loss (ABL) with age in maxillae of rats fed the STD diet as determined by morphometry. The H‐SC diet exacerbated horizontal ABL at the palatal surface at 12 and 18 weeks. Furthermore, increased vertical ABL was detected in mandibles and maxillae of rats fed the H‐SC diet for 12 and/or 18 weeks by histometry and micro‐CT. Remarkably, the H‐SC diet significantly increased bone remodeling at the interproximal alveolar bone of mandibles from rats fed for 6 weeks, but not in those fed for longer periods. Conclusions:  These findings indicate that the H‐SC diet induced a transient increase in alveolar bone remodeling, which is followed by ABL characteristic of moderate periodontitis.
ISSN:1354-523X
1601-0825
DOI:10.1111/j.1601-0825.2011.01893.x