Sex differences in the behavioral response to methylphenidate in three adolescent rat strains (WKY, SHR, SD)

► Sex plays major role in animal's response to methylphenidate. ► Genotype plays major role in animal's response to methylphenidate. ► Each sex exhibits different dose–response characteristics. ► Each genotype exhibits different dose–response characteristics. ► The highest dose of MPD elic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Behavioural brain research 2012-01, Vol.226 (1), p.8-17
Main Authors: Chelaru, Mircea I., Yang, Pamela B., Dafny, Nachum
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescence
Animals
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Behavior, Animal - drug effects
Behavioral psychophysiology
Biological and medical sciences
Central Nervous System Stimulants - pharmacology
Children
Drugs
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Hormones
Locomotor activity
Male
Medical sciences
Methylphenidate
Methylphenidate - pharmacology
Motor Activity - drug effects
Neuropharmacology
Open-field activity
Pharmacology. Drug treatments
Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer
Psychoanaleptics: cns stimulant, antidepressant agent, nootropic agent, mood stabilizer..., (alzheimer disease)
Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry
Psychology. Psychophysiology
Psychopharmacology
Rats
Rats, Inbred SHR
Rats, Inbred WKY
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Ritalin
Sex
Sex Characteristics
Sex differences
SHR
Species Specificity
WKY and SD rats
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Summary:► Sex plays major role in animal's response to methylphenidate. ► Genotype plays major role in animal's response to methylphenidate. ► Each sex exhibits different dose–response characteristics. ► Each genotype exhibits different dose–response characteristics. ► The highest dose of MPD elicits similar effects in all the groups. Methylphenidate (MPD) is the most widely used drug in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ADHD has a high incidence in children and can persist in adolescence and adulthood. The relation between sex and the effects of acute and chronic MPD treatment was examined using adolescent male and female rats from three genetically different strains: spontaneously hyperactive rat (SHR), Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and Sprague-Dawley (SD). Rats from each strain and sex were randomly divided into a control group that received saline injections and three MPD groups that received either 0.6 or 2.5 or 10 mg/kg MPD injections. All rats received saline on experimental day 1 (ED1). On ED2 to ED7 and ED11, the rats were injected either with saline or MPD and received no treatment on ED8–ED10. The open field assay was used to assess the dose–response of acute and chronic MPD administration. Significant sex differences were found. Female SHR and SD rats were significantly more active after MPD injections than their male counterparts, while the female WKY rats were less active than the male WKY rats. Dose dependent behavioral sensitization or tolerance to MPD treatment was not observed for SHR or SD rats, but tolerance to MPD was found in WKY rats for the 10 mg/kg MPD dose. The use of dose–response protocol and evaluating different locomotor indices provides the means to identify differences between the sexes and the genetic strain in adolescent rats. In addition these differences suggest that the differences to MPD treatment between the sexes are not due to the reproductive hormones.
ISSN:0166-4328
1872-7549
DOI:10.1016/j.bbr.2011.08.027