Optimal Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy of Infections Should Kill Bacteria but Spare Neutrophils

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) for localized microbial infections exerts its therapeutic effect both by direct bacterial killing and also by the bactericidal effects of host neutrophils stimulated by PDT. Therefore, PDT‐induced damage to neutrophils must be minimized, while direct photoinactivation of b...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Photochemistry and photobiology 2012-01, Vol.88 (1), p.227-232
Main Authors: Tanaka, Masamitsu, Kinoshita, Manabu, Yoshihara, Yasuo, Shinomiya, Nariyoshi, Seki, Shuhji, Nemoto, Koichi, Hirayama, Takahiro, Dai, Tianhong, Huang, Liyi, Hamblin, Michael R., Morimoto, Yuji
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antimicrobial agents
Bacterial infections
Bacterial Infections - drug therapy
Bacterial Infections - immunology
Humans
Mice
Morphology
Neutrophils - immunology
Photodynamic therapy
Photosensitizing Agents - pharmacology
Staphylococcus aureus
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Summary:Photodynamic therapy (PDT) for localized microbial infections exerts its therapeutic effect both by direct bacterial killing and also by the bactericidal effects of host neutrophils stimulated by PDT. Therefore, PDT‐induced damage to neutrophils must be minimized, while direct photoinactivation of bacteria is maintained to maximize the therapeutic efficacy of antimicrobial PDT in vivo. However, there has been no study in which the cytocidal effect of PDT on neutrophils was investigated. In this study, the cytocidal effects of PDT on neutrophils were evaluated using different antimicrobial photosensitizers to find suitable candidate photosensitizers for antimicrobial PDT. PDT on murine peripheral‐blood neutrophils was performed in vitro using each photosensitizer at a concentration that exerted a maximum bactericidal effect on methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and morphological alteration and viability of neutrophils were studied. Most neutrophils were viable (>80%) after PDT using toluidine blue‐O (TB) or methylene blue (MB), while neutrophils showed morphological change and their viabilities were decreased (
ISSN:0031-8655
1751-1097
DOI:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2011.01005.x