Ethnic Differences in Arterial Wave Reflections and Normative Equations for Augmentation Index

Data regarding ethnic differences in wave reflections, which markedly affect the central pressure profile, are very limited. Furthermore, because age, heart rate, and body height are strong determinants of augmentation index, relating single measurements to normative data (in which augmentation inde...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. 1979) Tex. 1979), 2011-06, Vol.57 (6), p.1108-1116
Main Authors:	Chirinos, Julio A, Kips, Jan G, Roman, Mary J, Medina-Lezama, Josefina, Li, Yan, Woodiwiss, Angela J, Norton, Gavin R, Yasmin, Van Bortel, Luc, Wang, Ji-Guang, Cockcroft, John R, Devereux, Richard B, Wilkinson, Ian B, Segers, Patrick, McEniery, Carmel M
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Aorta - physiology Arterial hypertension. Arterial hypotension Asian People - statistics & numerical data Biological and medical sciences Black People - statistics & numerical data Blood and lymphatic vessels Blood Pressure - physiology Brachial Artery - physiology Cardiology. Vascular system Cardiovascular system Female Hemodynamics Hispanic or Latino - statistics & numerical data Humans Indians, North American - statistics & numerical data Investigative techniques of hemodynamics Investigative techniques, diagnostic techniques (general aspects) Male Manometry - methods Manometry - statistics & numerical data Medical sciences Middle Aged Posture - physiology Pulsatile Flow - physiology Pulse - statistics & numerical data Radial Artery - physiology Regression Analysis White People - statistics & numerical data Young Adult
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Summary:	Data regarding ethnic differences in wave reflections, which markedly affect the central pressure profile, are very limited. Furthermore, because age, heart rate, and body height are strong determinants of augmentation index, relating single measurements to normative data (in which augmentation index values correspond with average population values of its determinants) is challenging. We studied subject-level data from 10 550 adults enrolled in large population-based studies. In a healthy reference sample (n=3497), we assessed ethnic differences in augmentation index (ratio of second/first systolic peaks) and generated equations for adjusted z scores, allowing for a standardized comparison between individual augmentation index measurements and the normative population mean from subjects of the same age, sex, ethnic population, body height, and heart rate. After adjustment for age, body height, heart rate, and mean arterial pressure, African blacks (women154%; men138%) and Andean Hispanics (women152%; men133%) demonstrated higher central (aortic) augmentation index values than British whites (women140%; men128%), whereas American Indians (women133%; men122%) demonstrated lower augmentation index (all P
ISSN:	0194-911X 1524-4563